Phase separation of 53BP1 determines liquid-like behavior of DNA repair compartments.

Autor: Kilic S; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Lezaja A; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Cancer Biology PhD Program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland., Gatti M; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Bianco E; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Cancer Biology PhD Program, Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Zurich, Switzerland., Michelena J; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Imhof R; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Altmeyer M; Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The EMBO journal [EMBO J] 2019 Aug 15; Vol. 38 (16), pp. e101379. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jul 01.
DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101379
Abstrakt: The DNA damage response (DDR) generates transient repair compartments to concentrate repair proteins and activate signaling factors. The physicochemical properties of these spatially confined compartments and their function remain poorly understood. Here, we establish, based on live cell microscopy and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated endogenous protein tagging, that 53BP1-marked repair compartments are dynamic, show droplet-like behavior, and undergo frequent fusion and fission events. 53BP1 assembly, but not the upstream accumulation of γH2AX and MDC1, is highly sensitive to changes in osmotic pressure, temperature, salt concentration and to disruption of hydrophobic interactions. Phase separation of 53BP1 is substantiated by optoDroplet experiments, which further allowed dissection of the 53BP1 sequence elements that cooperate for light-induced clustering. Moreover, we found the tumor suppressor protein p53 to be enriched within 53BP1 optoDroplets, and conditions that disrupt 53BP1 phase separation impair 53BP1-dependent induction of p53 and diminish p53 target gene expression. We thus suggest that 53BP1 phase separation integrates localized DNA damage recognition and repair factor assembly with global p53-dependent gene activation and cell fate decisions.
(© 2019 The Authors. Published under the terms of the CC BY NC ND 4.0 license.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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