Kinetic Stabilization of the Sol-Gel State in Perovskites Enables Facile Processing of High-Efficiency Solar Cells.

Autor: Wang K; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., Tang MC; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., Dang HX; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA., Munir R; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., Barrit D; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., De Bastiani M; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., Aydin E; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., Smilgies DM; Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA., De Wolf S; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia., Amassian A; King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Division of Physical Science and Engineering, and KAUST Solar Center, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) [Adv Mater] 2019 Aug; Vol. 31 (32), pp. e1808357. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jun 17.
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808357
Abstrakt: Perovskite solar cells increasingly feature mixed-halide mixed-cation compounds (FA 1- x - y MA x Cs y PbI 3- z Br z ) as photovoltaic absorbers, as they enable easier processing and improved stability. Here, the underlying reasons for ease of processing are revealed. It is found that halide and cation engineering leads to a systematic widening of the anti-solvent processing window for the fabrication of high-quality films and efficient solar cells. This window widens from seconds, in the case of single cation/halide systems (e.g., MAPbI 3 , FAPbI 3 , and FAPbBr 3 ), to several minutes for mixed systems. In situ X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the processing window is closely related to the crystallization of the disordered sol-gel and to the number of crystalline byproducts; the processing window therefore depends directly on the precise cation/halide composition. Moreover, anti-solvent dripping is shown to promote the desired perovskite phase with careful formulation. The processing window of perovskite solar cells, as defined by the latest time the anti-solvent drip yields efficient solar cells, broadened with the increasing complexity of cation/halide content. This behavior is ascribed to kinetic stabilization of sol-gel state through cation/halide engineering. This provides guidelines for designing new formulations, aimed at formation of the perovskite phase, ultimately resulting in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells produced with ease and with high reproducibility.
(© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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