| Autor: |
DE Castro MFPPM; Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 139, 13073-001 Campinas, S.P., Pacheco IA; Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 139, 13073-001 Campinas, S.P., Soares LMV; Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 6121, UNICAMP, 13081-970 Campinas, S.P., Brazil., Furlani RPZ; Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 6121, UNICAMP, 13081-970 Campinas, S.P., Brazil., DE Paula DC; Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 139, 13073-001 Campinas, S.P., Bolonhezi S; Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Caixa Postal 139, 13073-001 Campinas, S.P. |
| Abstrakt: |
Six stacks of 36 bags containing ca. 50 kg of unshelled peanuts with moisture contents in the range of 18.0 to 21.0% (wet basis) (average 19.3%) were formed in a commercial warehouse located in a peanut-producing area in São Paulo, Brazil. Three stacks were fumigated with phosphine for 7 days. An initial dose of 3.0 g of aluminum phosphide per m 3 was applied. A second and a third application of the same dose were carried out 24 and 144 h later. Before fumigation, infection by Aspergillus flavus and/or A. parasiticus was either not detected in the peanut mass or was very low (1 to 13%), but contamination with aflatoxins (up to 191 μg/kg) was found in all stacks. After the fumigation treatments, a striking increase in infection was observed in the nonfumigated stacks (73 to 100% infected kernels) while in the fumigated stacks, A. flavus and/or A. parasiticus were either not detected or were isolated in insignificant amounts, indicating that phosphine was able to control fungal development in spite of the high moisture content of the kernels. After the fumigation period, the contamination levels of aflatoxins in the treated stacks remained unchanged, while the untreated stacks showed a staggering increase (up to 10,000 μg/kg of peanuts). After a month, however, no difference was observed in aflatoxin contamination and infection by A. flavus and A. parasiticus between the untreated and the treated stacks. |
