Brief Report: Short-Term Adherence Marker to PrEP Predicts Future Nonretention in a Large PrEP Demo Project: Implications for Point-of-Care Adherence Testing.

Autor:	Spinelli MA; Division of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA., Glidden DV; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA., Anderson PL; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO., Gandhi M; Division of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA., Cohen S; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA., Vittinghoff E; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA., Coleman ME; Department of Clinical Investigations, Whitman-Walker Health, Washington, DC., Scott H; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA., Bacon O; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA., Elion R; Department of Clinical Investigations, Whitman-Walker Health, Washington, DC., Kolber MA; Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FA., Buchbinder SP; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA., Liu AY; San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, CA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) [J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr] 2019 Jun 01; Vol. 81 (2), pp. 158-162.
DOI:	10.1097/QAI.0000000000002005
Abstrakt:	Background: Objective adherence metrics for tenofovir (TFV) disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (FTC)-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) were critical for interpretation of efficacy in PrEP clinical trials, and there is increasing interest in using drug levels to tailor interventions for reengagement and adherence. Point-of-care immunoassays for TFV, which examine short-term adherence, are in development. However, the ability of poor short-term and long-term adherence to predict future PrEP nonretention is unknown. Setting: Secondary data analysis of a large, prospective multi-site U.S. PrEP demonstration project. Methods: An adjusted Cox-proportional hazards model examined the relationship of dried blood spot (DBS) levels of FTC-triphosphate (FTC-TP) or TFV-diphosphate (TFV-DP), measures of short-term and long-term PrEP adherence, respectively, with future study nonretention. Results: Overall, 294 individuals (median age 33 years) contributed drug levels within the U.S. PrEP demonstration project. By the end of study, 27% were lost to follow-up, 25% had at least one undetectable FTC-TP level indicating poor short-term adherence, and 29% had a drug level indicating suboptimal long-term adherence (TFV-DP <700 fmol/punch). The strongest factor associated with future study nonretention using a binary drug-level cut-off was an undetectable DBS FTC-TP level (adjusted hazard ratio 6.3; 95% confidence interval 3.8 to 10.2). The suboptimal long-term adherence based on low DBS TFV-DP levels was also associated with nonretention (adjusted hazard ratio 4.3; 95% confidence interval: 2.4 to 7.6). Conclusions: Both short- and long-term metrics of PrEP adherence are strongly associated with future loss to follow-up in a U.S. demonstration project study. Short-term metrics of adherence, once available at the point-of-care, could be used to direct real-time tailored retention and adherence interventions.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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