Introgressive hybridization in a Spiny-Tailed Iguana, Ctenosaura pectinata , and its implications for taxonomy and conservation.

Autor:	Zarza E; Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.; Grupo Académico de Biotecnología Ambiental, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Tapachula, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico.; CONACYT, Ciudad de México, Mexico., Reynoso VH; Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico., Faria CMA; School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.; Current Affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil., Emerson BC; Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), C/Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PeerJ [PeerJ] 2019 Apr 23; Vol. 7, pp. e6744. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 23 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI:	10.7717/peerj.6744
Abstrakt:	Introgression, the transmission of genetic material of one taxon into another through hybridization, can have various evolutionary outcomes. Previous studies have detected signs of introgression between western populations of the Mexican endemic and threatened spiny-tailed iguana, Ctenosaura pectinata . However, the extent of this phenomenon along the geographic distribution of the species is unknown. Here, we use multilocus data together with detailed geographic sampling to (1) define genotypic clusters within C. pectinata ; (2) evaluate geographic concordance between maternally and biparentally inherited markers; (3) examine levels of introgression between genotypic clusters, and (4) suggest taxonomic modifications in light of this information. Applying clustering methods to genotypes of 341 individuals from 49 localities of C. pectinata and the closely related C. acanthura , we inferred the existence of five genotypic clusters. Contact zones between genotypic clusters with signatures of interbreeding were detected, showing different levels of geographic discordance with mtDNA lineages. In northern localities, mtDNA and microsatellites exhibit concordant distributions, supporting the resurrection of C. brachylopha . Similar concordance is observed along the distribution of C. acanthura , confirming its unique taxonomic identity. Genetic and geographic concordance is also observed for populations within southwestern Mexico, where the recognition of a new species awaits in depth taxonomic revision. In contrast, in western localities a striking pattern of discordance was detected where up to six mtDNA lineages co-occur with only two genotypic clusters. Given that the type specimen originated from this area, we suggest that individuals from western Mexico keep the name C. pectinata . Our results have profound implications for conservation, management, and forensics of Mexican iguanas. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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