Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols in Nannochloropsis spp. (Eustigmatophyceae).

Autor: Balzano S; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands., Villanueva L; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands.; Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands., de Bar M; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands., Sahonero Canavesi DX; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands., Yildiz C; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands., Engelmann JC; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands., Marechal E; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et V�g�tale, Unit� mixte de recherche CNRS, CEA, INRA, Universit� Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France., Lupette J; Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et V�g�tale, Unit� mixte de recherche CNRS, CEA, INRA, Universit� Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France., Sinninghe Damstï JS; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands.; Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Schouten S; Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands.; Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Plant & cell physiology [Plant Cell Physiol] 2019 Aug 01; Vol. 60 (8), pp. 1666-1682.
DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz078
Abstrakt: We investigated potential biosynthetic pathways of long chain alkenols (LCAs), long chain alkyl diols (LCDs), and long chain hydroxy fatty acids (LCHFAs) in Nannochloropsis oceanica and Nannochloropsis gaditana, by combining culturing experiments with genomic and transcriptomic analyses. Incubation of Nannochloropsis spp. in the dark for 1 week led to significant increases in the cellular concentrations of LCAs and LCDs in both species. Consistently, 13C-labelled substrate experiments confirmed that both LCA and LCD were actively produced in the dark from C14-18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation/hydroxylation, although no enzymatic evidence was found for the former pathway. Nannochloropsis spp. did, however, contain (i) multiple polyketide synthases (PKSs) including one type (PKS-Clade II) that might catalyze incomplete fatty acid elongations leading to the formation of 3-OH-fatty acids, (ii) 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratases (HADs), which can possibly form Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids, and (iii) fatty acid elongases (FAEs) that could elongate 3-OH-fatty acids and Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids to longer products. The enzymes responsible for reduction of the long chain fatty acids to LCDs and LCAs are, however, unclear. A putative wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA): diacylglycerol acyltransferase is likely to be involved in the esterification of LCAs and LCDs in the cell wall. Our data thus provide useful insights in predicting the biosynthetic pathways of LCAs and LCDs in phytoplankton suggesting a key role of FAE and PKS enzymes.
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Databáze: MEDLINE
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