Geographic Information Systems, spatial analysis, and HIV in Africa: A scoping review.

Autor: Boyda DC; Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America., Holzman SB; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America., Berman A; Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, MD, United States of America., Grabowski MK; Department of Pathology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America., Chang LW; Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 May 03; Vol. 14 (5), pp. e0216388. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 May 03 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216388
Abstrakt: Introduction: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial analysis are emerging tools for global health, but it is unclear to what extent they have been applied to HIV research in Africa. To help inform researchers and program implementers, this scoping review documents the range and depth of published HIV-related GIS and spatial analysis research studies conducted in Africa.
Methods: A systematic literature search for articles related to GIS and spatial analysis was conducted through PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Using pre-specified inclusion criteria, articles were screened and key data were abstracted. Grounded, inductive analysis was conducted to organize studies into meaningful thematic areas.
Results and Discussion: The search returned 773 unique articles, of which 65 were included in the final review. 15 different countries were represented. Over half of the included studies were published after 2014. Articles were categorized into the following non-mutually exclusive themes: (a) HIV geography, (b) HIV risk factors, and (c) HIV service implementation. Studies demonstrated a broad range of GIS and spatial analysis applications including characterizing geographic distribution of HIV, evaluating risk factors for HIV, and assessing and improving access to HIV care services.
Conclusions: GIS and spatial analysis have been widely applied to HIV-related research in Africa. The current literature reveals a diversity of themes and methodologies and a relatively young, but rapidly growing, evidence base.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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