[12-months efficacy of option B+ for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Yaoundé, Cameroon].

Autor: Njom Nlend AE; Centre hospitalier d'ESSOS, caisse nationale de prévoyance sociale, Yaoundé, Cameroun; Institut de technologies médicales Nkolondom, université de Douala, Yaoundé, Cameroun. Electronic address: anne.njom@gmail.com., Nguedou Marcelle K; Institut de technologies médicales Nkolondom, université de Douala, Yaoundé, Cameroun., Koki Ndombo P; Faculté de médecine et de sciences biomédicales, université de Yaoundé, Cameroun; Centre mère-enfant fondation Chantal-Biya, Yaoundé, Cameroun., Brunelle Sandié A; Département de statistiques, université panafricaine de Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jazyk: francouzština
Zdroj: Revue d'epidemiologie et de sante publique [Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique] 2019 May; Vol. 67 (3), pp. 163-167. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2019.03.119
Abstrakt: Background: Cameroon has adopted the option B+ for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) program of HIV in August 2014 in order to eradicate MTCT of HIV.
Objective: To analyze in routine life settings, efficacy of option B+ for PMTCT and associate factors.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study over a 6-month period in the ESSOS hospital center. Study population comprised HIV-positive mothers and their infants aged 0-24 months. Variables included were : moment of HIV maternal testing, timing of commencement of maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART) and self-reported adherence to ART. Efficacy was measured through early and late MTCT rate and associated factors.
Results: We included 200 mothers and 124 infants. Under option B+, the rate of transmission was at 4.20% at 6 weeks and 5.83% at 12 months. The rate of HIV transmission in breastfed infants stood at 3.7%. In unadjusted analysis, bottle-feeding, term at birth, early screening and management during pregnancy were associated with lower risk of HIV transmission. After adjustment, term at delivery after 37 weeks adjusted odds ratio (AOR) [0.059; (0.0061; 0.56)] was protective; while lack of prophylaxis was among HIV-exposed infants emerged as the main factor associated with residual transmission of HIV [AOR 117.23 ; (3.55 ; 3874.9)].
Conclusion: In this setting of Yaoundé, routine option B+ posted laudable results at 12 months even amongst breastfed children and should therefore be made sustainable.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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