| Autor: |
Jones BK; School of Biological Sciences , University of Northern Colorado , 501 20th Street, CB 92 , Greeley , Colorado 80639-0017 , United States., Saviola AJ; School of Biological Sciences , University of Northern Colorado , 501 20th Street, CB 92 , Greeley , Colorado 80639-0017 , United States.; Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States., Reilly SB; Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building , Berkeley , California 94720-3160 , United States., Stubbs AL; Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building , Berkeley , California 94720-3160 , United States., Arida E; Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense , Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) , Jalan Raya Bogor-Jakarta Km. 46 , Cibinong 16911 , Indonesia., Iskandar DT; School of Life Sciences and Technology , Institut Teknologi Bandung , 10, Jalan Ganesa , Bandung , Java 40132 , Indonesia., McGuire JA; Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology , University of California , 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building , Berkeley , California 94720-3160 , United States., Yates JR 3rd; Department of Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States., Mackessy SP; School of Biological Sciences , University of Northern Colorado , 501 20th Street, CB 92 , Greeley , Colorado 80639-0017 , United States. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Journal of proteome research [J Proteome Res] 2019 May 03; Vol. 18 (5), pp. 2206-2220. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 17. |
| DOI: |
10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00077 |
| Abstrakt: |
The genus Trimeresurus comprises a group of venomous pitvipers endemic to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. Of these, Trimeresurus insularis, the White-lipped Island Pitviper, is a nocturnal, arboreal species that occurs on nearly every major island of the Lesser Sunda archipelago. In the current study, venom phenotypic characteristics of T. insularis sampled from eight Lesser Sunda Islands (Flores, Lembata, Lombok, Pantar, Sumba, Sumbawa, Timor, and Wetar) were evaluated via SDS-PAGE, enzymatic activity assays, fibrinogenolytic assays, gelatin zymography, and RP-HPLC, and the Sumbawa sample was characterized by venomic analysis. For additional comparative analyses, venoms were also examined from several species in the Trimeresurus complex, including T. borneensis, T. gramineus, T. puniceus, T. purpureomaculatus, T. stejnegeri, and Protobothrops flavoviridis. Despite the geographical isolation, T. insularis venoms from all eight islands demonstrated remarkable similarities in gel electrophoretic profiles and RP-HPLC patterns, and all populations had protein bands in the mass ranges of phosphodiesterases (PDE), l-amino acid oxidases (LAAO), P-III snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMP), serine proteases, cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISP), phospholipases A 2 (PLA 2 ), and C-type lectins. An exception was observed in the Lombok sample, which lacked protein bands in the mass range of serine protease and CRISP. Venomic analysis of the Sumbawa venom also identified these protein families, in addition to several proteins of lesser abundance (<1%), including glutaminyl cyclase, aminopeptidase, PLA 2 inhibitor, phospholipase B, cobra venom factor, 5'-nucleotidase, vascular endothelial growth factor, and hyaluronidase. All T. insularis venoms exhibited similarities in thrombin-like and PDE activities, while significant differences were observed for LAAO, SVMP, and kallikrein-like activities, though these differences were only observed for a few islands. Slight but noticeable differences were also observed with fibrinogen and gelatin digestion activities. Trimeresurus insularis venoms exhibited overall similarity to the other Trimeresurus complex species examined, with the exception of P. flavoviridis venom, which showed the greatest overall differentiation. Western blot analysis revealed that all major T. insularis venom proteins were recognized by Green Pitviper ( T. albolabris) antivenom, and reactivity was also seen with most venom proteins of the other Trimeresurus species, but incomplete antivenom-venom recognition was observed against P. flavoviridis venom proteins. These results demonstrate significant conservation in the venom composition of T. insularis across the Lesser Sunda archipelago relative to the other Trimeresurus species examined. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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