Reinforcer pathology: Common neural substrates for delay discounting and snack purchasing in prediabetics.

Autor: Deshpande HU; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA., Mellis AM; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA., Lisinski JM; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA., Stein JS; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA., Koffarnus MN; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA., Paluch R; University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA., Schweser F; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA., Zivadinov R; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA., LaConte SM; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA., Epstein LH; University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA., Bickel WK; Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA. Electronic address: wkbickel@vtc.vt.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Brain and cognition [Brain Cogn] 2019 Jun; Vol. 132, pp. 80-88. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Mar 29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.03.003
Abstrakt: Reinforcer pathology theory stipulates that individuals with both (a) high preference for smaller, immediate over larger, delayed rewards; and (b) high demand for unhealthy commodities are uniquely susceptible to poor health outcomes. Specifically, two behavioral economic tasks (delay discounting, assessing preference for smaller, immediate or larger, delayed rewards; and purchasing, assessing purchases of commodities over changes in price) have been independently associated with conditions such as overweight/obesity and problem substance use. In the present study, we examined possible shared neural regions involved in the processes of delay discounting and demand for snack foods in a prediabetic sample. Fifty-four participants completed both of these tasks. Conjunction between delay discounting and purchasing task results indicates substantial common neural substrates recruited during these two tasks, consistent with interpretations of executive control, interoception, and attention, in the prefrontal cortex, insula, and frontoparietal cortex (superior/middle frontal cortex and superior/inferior parietal lobules), respectively. Collectively, these results suggest possible neural substrates in which the two behavioral risk factors of reinforcer pathology may interact during real-world decision-making in prediabetes.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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