Molecular characterization of Bathymodiolus mussels and gill symbionts associated with chemosynthetic habitats from the U.S. Atlantic margin.

Autor: Coykendall DK; US Geological Survey -Leetown Science Center, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America., Cornman RS; US Geological Survey-Fort Collins Science Center, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America., Prouty NG; US Geological Survey-Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California, United States of America., Brooke S; Florida State University, Coastal and Marine Laboratory, St. Teresa, Florida, United States of America., Demopoulos AWJ; US Geological Survey-Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America., Morrison CL; US Geological Survey -Leetown Science Center, Kearneysville, West Virginia, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 Mar 14; Vol. 14 (3), pp. e0211616. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Mar 14 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211616
Abstrakt: Mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus are among the most widespread colonizers of hydrothermal vent and cold seep environments, sustained by endosymbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria. Presumed species of Bathymodiolus are abundant at newly discovered cold seeps on the Mid-Atlantic continental slope, however morphological taxonomy is challenging, and their phylogenetic affinities remain unestablished. Here we used mitochondrial sequence to classify species found at three seep sites (Baltimore Canyon seep (BCS; ~400m); Norfolk Canyon seep (NCS; ~1520m); and Chincoteague Island seep (CTS; ~1000m)). Mitochondrial COI (N = 162) and ND4 (N = 39) data suggest that Bathymodiolus childressi predominates at these sites, although single B. mauritanicus and B. heckerae individuals were detected. As previous work had suggested that methanotrophic and thiotrophic interactions can both occur at a site, and within an individual mussel, we investigated the symbiont communities in gill tissues of a subset of mussels from BCS and NCS. We constructed metabarcode libraries with four different primer sets spanning the 16S gene. A methanotrophic phylotype dominated all gill microbial samples from BCS, but sulfur-oxidizing Campylobacterota were represented by a notable minority of sequences from NCS. The methanotroph phylotype shared a clade with globally distributed Bathymodiolus spp. symbionts from methane seeps and hydrothermal vents. Two distinct Campylobacterota phylotypes were prevalent in NCS samples, one of which shares a clade with Campylobacterota associated with B. childressi from the Gulf of Mexico and the other with Campylobacterota associated with other deep-sea fauna. Variation in chemosynthetic symbiont communities among sites and individuals has important ecological and geochemical implications and suggests shifting reliance on methanotrophy. Continued characterization of symbionts from cold seeps will provide a greater understanding of the ecology of these unique environments as well and their geochemical footprint in elemental cycling and energy flux.
Competing Interests: CSA Ocean Sciences, Inc was the management entity, and our data sharing policies were dictated by the funders – which were federal, and therefore had open data sharing. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and material.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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