A population-based study of the prevalence and risk factors of low-grade Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in children aged 0-15 years old in northern Tanzania.

Autor: Peprah S; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Dhudha H; Epidemiology of Burkitt Lymphoma in East African Children and Minors (EMBLEM) Study, Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania., Ally H; Epidemiology of Burkitt Lymphoma in East African Children and Minors (EMBLEM) Study, Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania., Masalu N; Epidemiology of Burkitt Lymphoma in East African Children and Minors (EMBLEM) Study, Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania., Kawira E; EMBLEM Study, Shirati Health and Educational Foundation, Shirati, Tanzania., Chao CN; Epidemiology of Burkitt Lymphoma in East African Children and Minors (EMBLEM) Study, Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania., Genga IO; EMBLEM Study, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Eldoret, Kenya., Mumia M; EMBLEM Study, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Eldoret, Kenya., Were PA; EMBLEM Study, Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Eldoret, Kenya., Kinyera T; EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, Kampala, Uganda., Otim I; EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, Kampala, Uganda., Legason ID; EMBLEM Study, African Field Epidemiology Network, Kampala, Uganda., Biggar RJ; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Bhatia K; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Goedert JJ; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Pfeiffer RM; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Mbulaiteye SM; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH [Trop Med Int Health] 2019 May; Vol. 24 (5), pp. 571-585. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Apr 01.
DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13225
Abstrakt: Objectives: Northern Tanzania experiences significant malaria-related morbidity and mortality, but accurate data are scarce. We update the data on patterns of low-grade Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection among children in northern Tanzania.
Methods: Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence (pfPR) was assessed in a representative sample of 819 children enrolled in 94 villages in northern Tanzania between October 2015 and August 2016, using a complex survey design. Individual- and household-level risk factors for pfPR were elicited using structured questionnaires. pfPR was assessed using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and thick film microscopy (TFM). Associations with pfPR, based on RDT, were assessed using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and confidence intervals (CI) from weighted survey logistic regression models.
Results: Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence (pfPR) was 39.5% (95% CI: 31.5, 47.5) by RDT and 33.4% (26.0, 40.6) by TFM. pfPR by RDT was inversely associated with higher-education parents, especially mothers (5-7 years of education: aOR 0.55; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.96, senior secondary education: aOR 0.10; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.55), living in a house near the main road (aOR 0.34; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.76), in a larger household (two rooms: aOR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.21, 0.79, more than two rooms OR 0.35; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.62). Keeping a dog near or inside the house was positively associated with pfPR (aOR 2.01; 95% CI: 1.26, 3.21). pfPR was not associated with bed-net use or indoor residual spraying.
Conclusions: Nearly 40% of children in northern Tanzania had low-grade malaria antigenaemia. Higher parental education and household metrics but not mosquito bed-net use were inversely associated with pfPR.
(© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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