Capacities and neural mechanisms for auditory statistical learning across species.

Autor: Schiavo JK; Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Froemke RC; Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute Faculty Scholar, USA. Electronic address: robert.froemke@med.nyu.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Hearing research [Hear Res] 2019 May; Vol. 376, pp. 97-110. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 12.
DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.02.002
Abstrakt: Statistical learning has been proposed as a possible mechanism by which individuals can become sensitive to the structures of language fundamental for speech perception. Since its description in human infants, statistical learning has been described in human adults and several non-human species as a general process by which animals learn about stimulus-relevant statistics. The neurobiology of statistical learning is beginning to be understood, but many questions remain about the underlying mechanisms. Why is the developing brain particularly sensitive to stimulus and environmental statistics, and what neural processes are engaged in the adult brain to enable learning from statistical regularities in the absence of external reward or instruction? This review will survey the statistical learning abilities of humans and non-human animals with a particular focus on communicative vocalizations. We discuss the neurobiological basis of statistical learning, and specifically what can be learned by exploring this process in both humans and laboratory animals. Finally, we describe advantages of studying vocal communication in rodents as a means to further our understanding of the cortical plasticity mechanisms engaged during statistical learning. We examine the use of rodents in the context of pup retrieval, which is an auditory-based and experience-dependent form of maternal behavior.
(Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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