| Autor: |
Myhre G; CICERO Center for International Climate Research Oslo Norway., Kramer RJ; Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami FL USA., Smith CJ; School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK., Hodnebrog Ø; CICERO Center for International Climate Research Oslo Norway., Forster P; School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK., Soden BJ; Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami FL USA., Samset BH; CICERO Center for International Climate Research Oslo Norway., Stjern CW; CICERO Center for International Climate Research Oslo Norway., Andrews T; Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter UK., Boucher O; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace CNRS/Sorbonne Université Paris France., Faluvegi G; NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies New York NY USA.; Center for Climate Systems Research Columbia University New York NY USA., Fläschner D; Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie Hamburg Germany., Kasoar M; Department of Physics Imperial College London London UK.; Grantham Institute-Climate Change and the Environment Imperial College London London UK., Kirkevåg A; Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo Norway., Lamarque JF; NCAR/UCAR Boulder CO USA., Olivié D; Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo Norway., Richardson T; School of Earth and Environment University of Leeds Leeds UK., Shindell D; Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA., Stier P; Atmospheric, Oceanic & Planetary Physics, Department of Physics University of Oxford Oxford UK., Takemura T; Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan., Voulgarakis A; Department of Physics Imperial College London London UK., Watson-Parris D; Atmospheric, Oceanic & Planetary Physics, Department of Physics University of Oxford Oxford UK. |
| Abstrakt: |
Different climate drivers influence precipitation in different ways. Here we use radiative kernels to understand the influence of rapid adjustment processes on precipitation in climate models. Rapid adjustments are generally triggered by the initial heating or cooling of the atmosphere from an external climate driver. For precipitation changes, rapid adjustments due to changes in temperature, water vapor, and clouds are most important. In this study we have investigated five climate drivers (CO 2 , CH 4 , solar irradiance, black carbon, and sulfate aerosols). The fast precipitation responses to a doubling of CO 2 and a 10-fold increase in black carbon are found to be similar, despite very different instantaneous changes in the radiative cooling, individual rapid adjustments, and sensible heating. The model diversity in rapid adjustments is smaller for the experiment involving an increase in the solar irradiance compared to the other climate driver perturbations, and this is also seen in the precipitation changes. |
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