Bridging antimicrobial resistance knowledge gaps: The East African perspective on a global problem.

Autor: Wangai FK; Unit of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences-University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., Masika MM; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences-University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., Lule GN; Unit of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences-University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., Karari EM; Unit of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences-University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., Maritim MC; Unit of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences-University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., Jaoko WG; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences-University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya., Museve B; Microbiology Laboratory, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya., Kuria A; Microbiology Laboratory, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2019 Feb 11; Vol. 14 (2), pp. e0212131. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Feb 11 (Print Publication: 2019).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212131
Abstrakt: Background: There is worldwide concern of rapidly increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, there is paucity of resistance surveillance data and updated antibiograms in Africa in general. This study was undertaken in Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) -the largest public tertiary referral centre in East & Central Africa-to help bridge existing AMR knowledge and practice gaps.
Methods: A retrospective review of VITEK 2 (bioMérieux) records capturing antimicrobial susceptibility data for the year 2015 was done and analysed using WHONET and SPSS.
Results: Analysis of 624 isolates revealed AMR rates higher than most recent local and international reports. 88% of isolates tested were multi-drug resistant (MDR) whereas 26% were extensively-drug resistant (XDR). E. coli and K. pneumoniae had poor susceptibility to penicillins (8-48%), cephalosporins (16-43%), monobactams (17-29%), fluoroquinolones (22-44%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (7%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii were resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins, with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems (70% and 27% respectively). S aureus had poor susceptibility to penicillins (3%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (29%) but showed excellent susceptibility to imipenem (90%), vancomycin (97%) and linezolid (99%).
Conclusions: The overwhelming resistance to commonly used antibiotics heralds a clarion call towards strengthening antimicrobial stewardship programmes and regular AMR regional surveillance.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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