Occurrence of coliphage in raw wastewater and in ambient water: A meta-analysis.

Autor: Nappier SP; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC, 20460, USA. Electronic address: Nappier.Sharon@epa.gov., Hong T; ICF, LLC, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, 22031, USA., Ichida A; ICF, LLC, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, 22031, USA., Goldstone A; ICF, LLC, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, 22031, USA., Eftim SE; ICF, LLC, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, 22031, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Water research [Water Res] 2019 Apr 15; Vol. 153, pp. 263-273. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 11.
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.058
Abstrakt: Coliphage have been proposed as indicators of fecal contamination in recreational waters because they better reflect the persistence of pathogenic viruses in the environment and through wastewater treatment than traditional fecal indicator bacteria. Herein, we conducted a systematic literature search of peer-reviewed publications to identify coliphage density data (somatic and male-specific, or MSC) in raw wastewater and ambient waters. The literature review inclusion criteria included scope, study quality, and data availability. A non-parametric two-stage bootstrap analysis was used to estimate the coliphage distributions in raw wastewater and account for geographic region and season. Additionally, two statistical methodologies were explored for developing coliphage density distributions in ambient waters, to account for the nondetects in the datasets. In raw wastewater, the analysis resulted in seasonal density distributions of somatic coliphage (SC) (mean 6.5 log 10 plaque forming units (PFU)/L; 95% confidence interval (CI): 6.2-6.8) and MSC (mean 5.9 log 10  PFU/L; 95% CI: 5.5-6.1). In ambient waters, 49% of MSC samples were nondetects, compared with less than 5% for SC. Overall distributional estimates of ambient densities of coliphage were statistically higher for SC than for MSC (mean 3.4 and 1.0 log 10  PFU/L, respectively). Distributions of coliphage in raw wastewater and ambient water will be useful for future microbial risk assessments.
(Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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