Beyond Trauma: A Multiple Pathways Approach to Auditory Hallucinations in Clinical and Nonclinical Populations.

Autor: Luhrmann TM; Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA., Alderson-Day B; Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK., Bell V; Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK., Bless JJ; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Corlett P; Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT., Hugdahl K; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Jones N; Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL., Larøi F; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium., Moseley P; Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK.; School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK., Padmavati R; Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Peters E; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, London, UK.; Psychological Interventions Clinic for Outpatients with Psychosis, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM), London, England, UK., Powers AR; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Waters F; School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.; Clinical Research Centre, Graylands Health Campus, North Metropolitan Health Service, Mental Health, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Schizophrenia bulletin [Schizophr Bull] 2019 Feb 01; Vol. 45 (45 Suppl 1), pp. S24-S31.
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby110
Abstrakt: That trauma can play a significant role in the onset and maintenance of voice-hearing is one of the most striking and important developments in the recent study of psychosis. Yet the finding that trauma increases the risk for hallucination and for psychosis is quite different from the claim that trauma is necessary for either to occur. Trauma is often but not always associated with voice-hearing in populations with psychosis; voice-hearing is sometimes associated with willful training and cultivation in nonclinical populations. This article uses ethnographic data among other data to explore the possibility of multiple pathways to voice-hearing for clinical and nonclinical individuals whose voices are not due to known etiological factors such as drugs, sensory deprivation, epilepsy, and so forth. We suggest that trauma sometimes plays a major role in hallucinations, sometimes a minor role, and sometimes no role at all. Our work also finds seemingly distinct phenomenological patterns for voice-hearing, which may reflect the different salience of trauma for those who hear voices.
Databáze: MEDLINE