| Autor: |
Xu L; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States., Møller KH; Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark., Crounse JD; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States., Otkjær RV; Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark., Kjaergaard HG; Department of Chemistry , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5 , DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø , Denmark., Wennberg PO; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States.; Division of Engineering and Applied Science , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States. |
| Abstrakt: |
Atmospheric oxidation of monoterpenes (emitted primarily by evergreen trees) is known to contribute to the formation and growth of aerosol particles. While recent research has tied the formation of organic aerosol to unimolecular chemistry of the organic peroxy radicals (RO 2 ) formed in the oxidation of monoterpenes, the fundamental physical chemistry of these RO 2 remains obscure. Here we use isomer-specific measurements and ab initio calculations to determine the unimolecular reaction rates and products of RO 2 derived from the hydroxyl radical (OH) oxidation of α-pinene and β-pinene. Among all of the structural isomers of the first-generation RO 2 from both monoterpenes, we find that the first-generation RO 2 produced following opening of the four-membered ring undergo fast unimolecular reactions (4 ± 2 and 16 ± 5 s -1 for α-pinene and β-pinene, respectively) at 296 K, in agreement with high-level ab initio calculations. The presence of the hydroxy group and carbon-carbon double bond in the ring-opened RO 2 enhances the rates of these unimolecular reactions, including endo-cyclization and H-shift via transition states involving six- and seven-membered rings. These reaction rate coefficients are sufficiently large that unimolecular chemistry is the dominant fate of these monoterpene-derived RO 2 in the atmosphere. In addition, the overall yields of first-generation α-pinene and β-pinene hydroxy nitrates, C 10 H 17 NO 4 , at 296 K and 745 Torr are measured to be 3.3 ± 1.5% and 6.4 ± 2.1%, respectively, for conditions where all RO 2 are expected to react with NO ([NO] > 1000 ppbv). These yields are lower than anticipated. |
