Blockade of microglial adenosine A 2A receptor suppresses elevated pressure-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell death in retinal cells.

Autor: Aires ID; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Boia R; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Rodrigues-Neves AC; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Madeira MH; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Marques C; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Ambrósio AF; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal., Santiago AR; Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; CNC.IBILI Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.; Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), Coimbra, Portugal.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Glia [Glia] 2019 May; Vol. 67 (5), pp. 896-914. Date of Electronic Publication: 2019 Jan 22.
DOI: 10.1002/glia.23579
Abstrakt: Glaucoma is a retinal degenerative disease characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and damage of the optic nerve. Recently, we demonstrated that antagonists of adenosine A 2A receptor (A 2A R) control retinal inflammation and afford protection to rat retinal cells in glaucoma models. However, the precise contribution of microglia to retinal injury was not addressed, as well as the effect of A 2A R blockade directly in microglia. Here we show that blocking microglial A 2A R prevents microglial cell response to elevated pressure and it is sufficient to protect retinal cells from elevated pressure-induced death. The A 2A R antagonist SCH 58261 or the knockdown of A 2A R expression with siRNA in microglial cells prevented the increase in microglia response to elevated hydrostatic pressure. Furthermore, in retinal neural cell cultures, the A 2A R antagonist decreased microglia proliferation, as well as the expression and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Microglia ablation prevented neural cell death triggered by elevated pressure. The A 2A R blockade recapitulated the effects of microglia depletion, suggesting that blocking A 2A R in microglia is able to control neurodegeneration in glaucoma-like conditions. Importantly, in human organotypic retinal cultures, A 2A R blockade prevented the increase in reactive oxygen species and the morphological alterations in microglia triggered by elevated pressure. These findings place microglia as the main contributors for retinal cell death during elevated pressure and identify microglial A 2A R as a therapeutic target to control retinal neuroinflammation and prevent neural apoptosis elicited by elevated pressure.
(© 2019 The Authors. Glia published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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