Seasonal changes in diet and chemical defense in the Climbing Mantella frog (Mantella laevigata).

Autor: Moskowitz NA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America., Roland AB; Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Fischer EK; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America., Ranaivorazo N; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar., Vidoudez C; FAS Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry Facility, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Aguilar MT; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Caldera SM; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Chea J; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Cristus MG; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Crowdis JP; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., DeMessie B; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., desJardins-Park CR; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Effenberger AH; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Flores F; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Giles M; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., He EY; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Izmaylov NS; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Lee CC; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Pagel NA; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Phu KK; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Rosen LU; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Seda DA; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Shen Y; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Vargas S; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Murray AW; Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Abebe E; Cambridge Rindge and Latin High School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Trauger SA; FAS Small Molecule Mass Spectrometry Facility, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America., Donoso DA; Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador., Vences M; Braunschweig University of Technology, Zoological Institute, Braunschweig, Germany., O'Connell LA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.; LS50: Integrated Science Freshman Class, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2018 Dec 26; Vol. 13 (12), pp. e0207940. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Dec 26 (Print Publication: 2018).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207940
Abstrakt: Poison frogs acquire chemical defenses from the environment for protection against potential predators. These defensive chemicals are lipophilic alkaloids that are sequestered by poison frogs from dietary arthropods and stored in skin glands. Despite decades of research focusing on identifying poison frog alkaloids, we know relatively little about how environmental variation and subsequent arthropod availability impacts alkaloid loads in poison frogs. We investigated how seasonal environmental variation influences poison frog chemical profiles through changes in the diet of the Climbing Mantella (Mantella laevigata). We collected M. laevigata females on the Nosy Mangabe island reserve in Madagascar during the wet and dry seasons and tested the hypothesis that seasonal differences in rainfall is associated with changes in diet composition and skin alkaloid profiles of M. laevigata. The arthropod diet of each frog was characterized into five groups (i.e. ants, termites, mites, insect larvae, or 'other') using visual identification and cytochrome oxidase 1 DNA barcoding. We found that frog diet differed between the wet and dry seasons, where frogs had a more diverse diet in the wet season and consumed a higher percentage of ants in the dry season. To determine if seasonality was associated with variation in frog defensive chemical composition, we used gas chromatography / mass spectrometry to quantify alkaloids from individual skin samples. Although the assortment of identified alkaloids was similar across seasons, we detected significant differences in the abundance of certain alkaloids, which we hypothesize reflects seasonal variation in the diet of M. laevigata. We suggest that these variations could originate from seasonal changes in either arthropod leaf litter composition or changes in frog behavioral patterns. Although additional studies are needed to understand the consequences of long-term environmental shifts, this work suggests that alkaloid profiles are relatively robust against short-term environmental perturbations.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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