Mechanical forces in cell monolayers.
| Autor: | Chen T; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411., Saw TB; Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411.; National University of Singapore, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Engineering Block 4, #04-08, Singapore 117583., Mège RM; Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592 & Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France., Ladoux B; Institut Jacques Monod (IJM), CNRS UMR 7592 & Université Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris CEDEX 13, France benoit.ladoux@ijm.fr. |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Journal of cell science [J Cell Sci] 2018 Dec 20; Vol. 131 (24). Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Dec 20. |
| DOI: | 10.1242/jcs.218156 |
| Abstrakt: | In various physiological processes, the cell collective is organized in a monolayer, such as seen in a simple epithelium. The advances in the understanding of mechanical behavior of the monolayer and its underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms will help to elucidate the properties of cell collectives. In this Review, we discuss recent in vitro studies on monolayer mechanics and their implications on collective dynamics, regulation of monolayer mechanics by physical confinement and geometrical cues and the effect of tissue mechanics on biological processes, such as cell division and extrusion. In particular, we focus on the active nematic property of cell monolayers and the emerging approach to view biological systems in the light of liquid crystal theory. We also highlight the mechanosensing and mechanotransduction mechanisms at the sub-cellular and molecular level that are mediated by the contractile actomyosin cytoskeleton and cell-cell adhesion proteins, such as E-cadherin and α-catenin. To conclude, we argue that, in order to have a holistic understanding of the cellular response to biophysical environments, interdisciplinary approaches and multiple techniques - from large-scale traction force measurements to molecular force protein sensors - must be employed. Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing or financial interests. (© 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|