CCR5 structural plasticity shapes HIV-1 phenotypic properties.

Autor: Colin P; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Paris Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Cellule Pasteur, Rue du Docteur Roux, Paris, France., Zhou Z; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France., Staropoli I; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France., Garcia-Perez J; AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Gasser R; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France., Armani-Tourret M; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France., Benureau Y; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France., Gonzalez N; AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Jin J; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France., Connell BJ; Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France., Raymond S; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.; CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Virologie, Toulouse, France., Delobel P; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.; CHU de Toulouse, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Toulouse, France., Izopet J; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.; CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Virologie, Toulouse, France., Lortat-Jacob H; Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France., Alcami J; AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Arenzana-Seisdedos F; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France., Brelot A; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France., Lagane B; Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; INSERM Unit U1108, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.; Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2018 Dec 06; Vol. 14 (12), pp. e1007432. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Dec 06 (Print Publication: 2018).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007432
Abstrakt: CCR5 plays immune functions and is the coreceptor for R5 HIV-1 strains. It exists in diverse conformations and oligomerization states. We interrogated the significance of the CCR5 structural diversity on HIV-1 infection. We show that envelope glycoproteins (gp120s) from different HIV-1 strains exhibit divergent binding levels to CCR5 on cell lines and primary cells, but not to CD4 or the CD4i monoclonal antibody E51. This owed to differential binding of the gp120s to different CCR5 populations, which exist in varying quantities at the cell surface and are differentially expressed between different cell types. Some, but not all, of these populations are antigenically distinct conformations of the coreceptor. The different binding levels of gp120s also correspond to differences in their capacity to bind CCR5 dimers/oligomers. Mutating the CCR5 dimerization interface changed conformation of the CCR5 homodimers and modulated differentially the binding of distinct gp120s. Env-pseudotyped viruses also use particular CCR5 conformations for entry, which may differ between different viruses and represent a subset of those binding gp120s. In particular, even if gp120s can bind both CCR5 monomers and oligomers, impairment of CCR5 oligomerization improved viral entry, suggesting that HIV-1 prefers monomers for entry. From a functional standpoint, we illustrate that the nature of the CCR5 molecules to which gp120/HIV-1 binds shapes sensitivity to inhibition by CCR5 ligands and cellular tropism. Differences exist in the CCR5 populations between T-cells and macrophages, and this is associated with differential capacity to bind gp120s and to support viral entry. In macrophages, CCR5 structural plasticity is critical for entry of blood-derived R5 isolates, which, in contrast to prototypical M-tropic strains from brain tissues, cannot benefit from enhanced affinity for CD4. Collectively, our results support a role for CCR5 heterogeneity in diversifying the phenotypic properties of HIV-1 isolates and provide new clues for development of CCR5-targeting drugs.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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