Different approaches and limitations for testing phytoplankton viability in natural assemblies and treated ballast water.

Autor: Castro MCT; Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; Directorate of Ports and Coasts, Navy of Brazil, Rua Teófilo Otoni, 4, CEP 20090-070 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: mctcastro@yahoo.com., Veldhuis MJW; MEA-nl, Haventerrein 1a, 1779 GS Den Oever, the Netherlands., Fileman TW; PML Applications Ltd, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, United Kingdom., Hall-Spencer JM; School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, United Kingdom; Shimoda Marine Research Centre, University of Tsukuba, 5-10-1 Shimoda City, Shizuoka 415-0025, Japan.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine pollution bulletin [Mar Pollut Bull] 2018 Dec; Vol. 137, pp. 172-179. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 12.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.013
Abstrakt: Shipping is recognised as an unintentional efficient pathway for spreading non-native species, harmful organisms and pathogens. In 2004, a unique IMO Convention was adopted to control and minimize this transfer in ship's ballast water. This Convention entered into force on 8th September 2017. However, unlikely the majority of IMO Conventions, the Ballast Water Management Convention requires ships to comply with biological standards (e.g. concentration of organisms per unit of volume in ballast water discharges). This study aimed to apply different techniques developed to measure concentrations of viable phytoplankton in natural and treated ballast water samples and compare them with the established flow cytometry method and vital staining microscopy. Samples were collected in the English Channel over one year and on-board during ballast water shipboard efficacy tests. Natural abundance of live phytoplankton varied from 23% to 89% of the total, while for cells larger than 10 μm (a size defined by the BWM Convention) the percentage varied from 3% to 60%. An overall good correlation was seen between the measurements taken with the two fluorometers and in comparison with the flow cytometry analysis, as found in previous studies. Analysis of treated ballast water samples showed a large variation in the number of viable cells, however indicating a low level of risk on all occasions for regulatory purposes. One of the key aspects to bear in mind when sampling and analysing for compliance is to be aware of the limitations of each technique.
(Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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