A risk of bias instrument for non-randomized studies of exposures: A users' guide to its application in the context of GRADE.

Autor: Morgan RL; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 2C14, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: morganrl@mcmaster.ca., Thayer KA; Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Division, National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Building B (Room 211i), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Electronic address: thayer.kris@epa.gov., Santesso N; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 2C14, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: santesna@mcmaster.ca., Holloway AC; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 3N52A, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: hollow@mcmaster.ca., Blain R; ICF International Inc., 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, USA. Electronic address: Robyn.Blain@icfi.com., Eftim SE; ICF International Inc., 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, USA. Electronic address: Sorina.Eftim@icfi.com., Goldstone AE; ICF International Inc., 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, USA. Electronic address: Ali.Goldstone@icfi.com., Ross P; ICF International Inc., 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA, USA. Electronic address: Pam.Ross@icfi.com., Ansari M; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. Electronic address: tosansari@gmail.com., Akl EA; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 2C14, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Riad-El-Solh Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon. Electronic address: ea32@aub.edu.lb., Filippini T; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy. Electronic address: tommaso.filippini@unimore.it., Hansell A; MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Praed St, Paddington, London W2 1PG, UK; Public Health Directorate, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK; Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, George Davies Building, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK. Electronic address: a.hansell@imperial.ac.uk., Meerpohl JJ; Institute for Evidence in Medicine (for Cochrane Germany Foundation), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 153, 79110 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: meerpohl@cochrane.de., Mustafa RA; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 2C14, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA., Verbeek J; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Cochrane Work, Neulaniementie 4, 70701 Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address: Jos.Verbeek@ttl.fi., Vinceti M; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: mvinceti@bu.edu., Whaley P; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK. Electronic address: p.whaley@lancaster.ac.uk., Schünemann HJ; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 2C14, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, Room 2C14, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. Electronic address: schuneh@mcmaster.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environment international [Environ Int] 2019 Jan; Vol. 122, pp. 168-184. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Nov 22.
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.004
Abstrakt: The objective of this paper is to explain how to apply, interpret, and present the results of a new instrument to assess the risk of bias (RoB) in non-randomized studies (NRS) dealing with effects of environmental exposures on health outcomes. This instrument is modeled on the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) instrument. The RoB instrument for NRS of exposures assesses RoB along a standardized comparison to a randomized target experiment, instead of the study-design directed RoB approach. We provide specific guidance for the integral steps of developing a research question and target experiment, distinguishing issues of indirectness from RoB, making individual-study judgments, and performing and interpreting sensitivity analyses for RoB judgments across a body of evidence. Also, we present an approach for integrating the RoB assessments within the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) framework to assess the certainty of the evidence in the systematic review. Finally, we guide the reader through an overall assessment to support the rating of all domains that determine the certainty of a body of evidence using the GRADE approach.
(Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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