Interplay between hypoactivity, muscle properties and motor command: How to escape the vicious deconditioning circle?

Autor: Canu MH; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France. Electronic address: marie-helene.canu@univ-lille.fr., Fourneau J; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France., Coq JO; UMR 7289, CNRS, institut de neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille, France., Dannhoffer L; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France., Cieniewski-Bernard C; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France., Stevens L; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France., Bastide B; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France., Dupont E; EA 7369 'activité physique, muscle et santé', unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire sport santé société (URePSSS), université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Annals of physical and rehabilitation medicine [Ann Phys Rehabil Med] 2019 Mar; Vol. 62 (2), pp. 122-127. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 27.
DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.09.009
Abstrakt: Activity-dependent processes addressing the central nervous system (CNS) and musculoskeletal structures are critical for maintaining motor performance. Chronic reduction in activity, whether due to a sedentary lifestyle or extended bed rest, results in impaired performance in motor tasks and thus decreased quality of life. In the first part of this paper, we give a narrative review of the effects of hypoactivity on the neuromuscular system and behavioral outcomes. Motor impairments arise from a combination of factors including altered muscle properties, impaired afferent input, and plastic changes in neural structure and function throughout the nervous system. There is a reciprocal interplay between the CNS and muscle properties, and these sensorimotor loops are essential for controlling posture and movement. As a result, patients under hypoactivity experience a self-perpetuating cycle, in with sedentarity leading to decreased motor activity and thus a progressive worsening of a situation, and finally deconditioning. Various rehabilitation strategies have been studied to slow down or reverse muscle alteration and altered motor performance. In the second part of the paper, we review representative protocols directed toward the muscle, the sensory input and/or the cerebral cortex. Improving an understanding of the loss of motor function under conditions of disuse (such as extended bed rest) as well as identifying means to slow this decline may lead to therapeutic strategies to preserve quality of life for a range of individuals. The most efficient strategies seem multifactorial, using a combination of approaches targeting different levels of the neuromuscular system.
(Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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