Brown adipose tissue, energy expenditure, and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic health among the Yakut (Sakha) of northeastern Siberia.

Autor: Levy SB; Department of Anthropology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.; Department of Anthropology, CUNY Hunter College, New York City, New York., Klimova TM; North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia., Zakharova RN; North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia., Federov AI; North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia., Fedorova VI; North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia., Baltakhinova ME; North-Eastern Federal University named M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia., Leonard WR; Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council [Am J Hum Biol] 2018 Nov; Vol. 30 (6), pp. e23175. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 04.
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23175
Abstrakt: Objectives: This study provides the first investigation of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity among an indigenous circumpolar population, the Yakut of northeastern Siberia. The study also examines the health significance of BAT activity in this population by testing the relationships between BAT thermogenesis and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic disease risk, such as percent body fat and blood glucose and cholesterol levels.
Methods: Data were collected in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for 31 men and 43 women. Change in energy expenditure and BAT thermogenesis were quantified after a 30-minute mild cooling condition. Anthropometric dimensions, blood glucose, and lipid levels were also collected.
Results: On average, the skin temperature of the supraclavicular area was constant after cooling while the skin temperature of a point on the sternum dropped significantly (P < .001), thus suggesting the presence of active supraclavicular BAT among Yakut adults. Participants with evidence of greater BAT thermogenesis exhibited a larger percent change in energy expenditure (% ΔEE) and an increase in respiratory quotient (RQ) after cooling (P ≤ .05). While there was no relationship between BAT activity and blood lipid levels, BAT thermogenesis was positively associated with blood glucose levels (P < .01).
Conclusions: Yakut adults exhibit evidence of active BAT deposits. Given that there is a significant relationship between BAT activity and % ΔEE, it is possible that BAT plays a role in NST among Yakut adults. While the relationship between BAT and body composition is inconclusive, participants with greater BAT seemed to preferentially utilize glucose during cold stress exposure.
(© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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