Daylight exposure modulates bacterial communities associated with household dust.

Autor: Fahimipour AK; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA. ashkaan.fahimipour@gmail.com., Hartmann EM; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA., Siemens A; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA., Kline J; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA., Levin DA; Department of Mathematics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA., Wilson H; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA., Betancourt-Román CM; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA., Brown GZ; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA., Fretz M; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA., Northcutt D; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA., Siemens KN; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA., Huttenhower C; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA., Green JL; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA., Van Den Wymelenberg K; Biology and the Built Environment Center, University of Oregon, 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, USA.; Energy Studies in Buildings Laboratory, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Microbiome [Microbiome] 2018 Oct 18; Vol. 6 (1), pp. 175. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 18.
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-018-0559-4
Abstrakt: Background: Microbial communities associated with indoor dust abound in the built environment. The transmission of sunlight through windows is a key building design consideration, but the effects of light exposure on dust communities remain unclear. We report results of an experiment and computational models designed to assess the effects of light exposure and wavelengths on the structure of the dust microbiome. Specifically, we placed household dust in replicate model "rooms" with windows that transmitted visible, ultraviolet, or no light and measured taxonomic compositions, absolute abundances, and viabilities of the resulting bacterial communities.
Results: Light exposure per se led to lower abundances of viable bacteria and communities that were compositionally distinct from dark rooms, suggesting preferential inactivation of some microbes over others under daylighting conditions. Differences between communities experiencing visible and ultraviolet light wavelengths were relatively minor, manifesting primarily in abundances of dead human-derived taxa. Daylighting was associated with the loss of a few numerically dominant groups of related microorganisms and apparent increases in the abundances of some rare groups, suggesting that a small number of microorganisms may have exhibited modest population growth under lighting conditions. Although biological processes like population growth on dust could have generated these patterns, we also present an alternate statistical explanation using sampling models from ecology; simulations indicate that artefactual, apparent increases in the abundances of very rare taxa may be a null expectation following the selective inactivation of dominant microorganisms in a community.
Conclusions: Our experimental and simulation-based results indicate that dust contains living bacterial taxa that can be inactivated following changes in local abiotic conditions and suggest that the bactericidal potential of ordinary window-filtered sunlight may be similar to ultraviolet wavelengths across dosages that are relevant to real buildings.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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