Sex differences in psychomotor development during the preschool period: A longitudinal study of the effects of environmental factors and of emotional, behavioral, and social functioning.

Autor: Peyre H; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75019 Paris, France; Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Dept d'Etudes Cognitives, ENS, PSL University, EHESS, CNRS, France. Electronic address: peyrehugo@yahoo.fr., Hoertel N; Department of Psychiatry, Corentin Celton Hospital, AP-HP, 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France; Paris Descartes University, Pôles de Recherche et D'enseignement Supérieur (PRES), Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 894, Psychiatry and Neurosciences Center, Paris Descartes University, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France., Bernard JY; INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France., Rouffignac C; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Hospital, l'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75019 Paris, France., Forhan A; INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France., Taine M; INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France., Heude B; INSERM UMR 1153, Center of Research in Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (ORCHAD) Team, 94807 Villejuif, France; Paris Descartes University, 75006 Paris, France., Ramus F; Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique, Dept d'Etudes Cognitives, ENS, PSL University, EHESS, CNRS, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of experimental child psychology [J Exp Child Psychol] 2019 Feb; Vol. 178, pp. 369-384. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.09.002
Abstrakt: We sought to determine the extent to which sex differences in psychomotor development during the preschool period can be explained by differential exposure to environmental factors and/or differences in emotional, behavioral, or social functioning. Children from the EDEN mother-child cohort were assessed for language, gross motor, and fine motor skills at 2, 3, and 5-6 years of age using parental questionnaires and neuropsychological tests. Structural equation models examining the associations between sex and language, gross motor, and fine motor skills at 2, 3, and 5-6 years were performed while adjusting for a broad range of pre- and postnatal environmental factors as well as emotional, behavioral and socialization difficulties. Girls (n = 492) showed better fine motor skills than boys (n = 563) at 2 years (Cohen's d = 0.67 in the fully adjusted models), at 3 years (d = 0.72), and to a lesser extent at 5-6 years (d = 0.29). Girls also showed better language skills at 2 years (d = 0.36) and 3 years (d = 0.37) but not at 5-6 years (d = 0.04). We found no significant differences between girls and boys in gross motor skills at 2, 3, or 5-6 years. Similar results were found in the models unadjusted and adjusted for pre- and postnatal environmental factors as well as emotional, behavioral, and socialization difficulties. Our findings are consistent with the idea that sex differences in fine motor and language skills at 2 and 3 years of age are not explained by differential exposure to environmental factors or by sex differences in emotional, behavioral, or social functioning.
(Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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