Functional and phenotypic heterogeneity of Th17 cells in health and disease.

Autor: Bystrom J; William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Clanchy FIL; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Taher TE; Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK., Al-Bogami M; Radiology Department, Alnakheel Medical Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Ong VH; Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK., Abraham DJ; Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK., Williams RO; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Mageed RA; William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of clinical investigation [Eur J Clin Invest] 2019 Jan; Vol. 49 (1), pp. e13032. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.1111/eci.13032
Abstrakt: Background: Th17 cells have nonredundant roles in maintaining immunity, particularly at mucosal surfaces. These roles are achieved principally through the production of cytokines and the recruitment of other immune cells to maintain the integrity of mucosal barriers and prevent the dissemination of microorganisms. Th17 cells are heterogeneous and exhibit a considerable degree of plasticity. This allows these cells to respond to changing environmental challenges. However, Th17 cells also play pro-inflammatory roles in chronic autoimmune diseases. The trigger(s) that initiate these Th17 responses in chronic autoimmune diseases remain unclear.
Design: In this report, we provide an overview of studies involving animal models, patient data, genome wide association studies and clinical trials targeting IL-17 for treatment of patients to gain a better understanding of the pathogenic roles of Th17 cells play in a range of autoimmune diseases.
Results: The report sheds light on likely triggers that initiate or perpetuate Th17 responses that promote chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. The divergent effects of tumour necrosis factor alpha blockade on Th17 cells in patients, is explored. Furthermore, we highlight the role of Th17 cells in inducing autoreactive B cells, leading to autoantibody production. Pathogenic bacterial species can change Th17 cell phenotype and responses. These findings provide insights into how Th17 cells could be induced to promoting autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
Conclusion: This article provides an overview of the distinct roles Th17 cells play in maintaining immunity at mucosal surfaces and in skin mucosa and how their functional flexibility could be linked with chronic inflammation in autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
(© 2018 Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje