| Autor: |
Withrock IC; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Anderson SJ; Department of Psychology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Jefferson MA; Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, USA., McCormack GR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Mlynarczyk GSA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Nakama A; Department of Genetics, Developmental and Cell Biology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Lange JK; Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Berg CA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Acharya S; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Stock ML; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Lind MS; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Luna KC; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Kondru NC; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Manne S; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Patel BB; Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA., de la Rosa BM; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Huang KP; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Sharma S; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Hu HZ; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Kanuri SH; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA., Carlson SA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA 50011, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
This review considers available evidence for mechanisms of conferred adaptive advantages in the face of specific infectious diseases. In short, we explore a number of genetic conditions, which carry some benefits in adverse circumstances including exposure to infectious agents. The examples discussed are conditions known to result in resistance to a specific infectious disease, or have been proposed as being associated with resistance to various infectious diseases. These infectious disease-genetic disorder pairings include malaria and hemoglobinopathies, cholera and cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis and Tay-Sachs disease, mycotic abortions and phenylketonuria, infection by enveloped viruses and disorders of glycosylation, infection by filoviruses and Niemann-Pick C1 disease, as well as rabies and myasthenia gravis. We also discuss two genetic conditions that lead to infectious disease hypersusceptibility, although we did not cover the large number of immunologic defects leading to infectious disease hypersusceptibilities. Four of the resistance-associated pairings (malaria/hemogloginopathies, cholera/cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis/Tay-Sachs, and mycotic abortions/phenylketonuria) appear to be a result of selection pressures in geographic regions in which the specific infectious agent is endemic. The other pairings do not appear to be based on selection pressure and instead may be serendipitous. Nonetheless, research investigating these relationships may lead to treatment options for the aforementioned diseases by exploiting established mechanisms between genetically affected cells and infectious organisms. This may prove invaluable as a starting point for research in the case of diseases that currently have no reliably curative treatments, e.g ., HIV, rabies, and Ebola. |
