Fossils reveal the complex evolutionary history of the mammalian regionalized spine.

Autor: Jones KE; Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. katrinajones@fas.harvard.edu spierce@oeb.harvard.edu., Angielczyk KD; Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, USA., Polly PD; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA., Head JJ; Department of Zoology and University Museum of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK., Fernandez V; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38000 Grenoble, France., Lungmus JK; Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA., Tulga S; Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA., Pierce SE; Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. katrinajones@fas.harvard.edu spierce@oeb.harvard.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2018 Sep 21; Vol. 361 (6408), pp. 1249-1252.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aar3126
Abstrakt: A unique characteristic of mammals is a vertebral column with anatomically distinct regions, but when and how this trait evolved remains unknown. We reconstructed vertebral regions and their morphological disparity in the extinct forerunners of mammals, the nonmammalian synapsids, to elucidate the evolution of mammalian axial differentiation. Mapping patterns of regionalization and disparity (heterogeneity) across amniotes reveals that both traits increased during synapsid evolution. However, the onset of regionalization predates increased heterogeneity. On the basis of inferred homology patterns, we propose a "pectoral-first" hypothesis for region acquisition, whereby evolutionary shifts in forelimb function in nonmammalian therapsids drove increasing vertebral modularity prior to differentiation of the vertebral column for specialized functions in mammals.
(Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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