Review on the relevance of therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam.

Autor: Sourbron J; Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: j.sourbron@gmail.com., Chan H; CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands., Wammes-van der Heijden EA; Department of Pharmacy, Academic Centre of Epileptology Kempenhaeghe Maastricht UMC+, The Netherlands., Klarenbeek P; Department of Neurology, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands., Wijnen BFM; CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Centre for Economic Evaluation, Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands., de Haan GJ; Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands., van der Kuy H; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Gerontopharmacology, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands., Evers S; CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Centre for Economic Evaluation, Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Majoie M; Department of Neurology, Academic Centre of Epileptology Kempenhaeghe Maastricht UMC+, The Netherlands; School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School of Health Professions Education, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Seizure [Seizure] 2018 Nov; Vol. 62, pp. 131-135. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 12.
DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2018.09.004
Abstrakt: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) is not routinely performed, although this can guide the dosage regimen to achieve greater efficacy and safety. Levetiracetam (LEV) has been introduced as an AED with an almost perfect pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. Nonetheless, recent research challenges this statement and therefore we aimed to explore factors that modify LEV PK. Age and enzyme-inducing drugs (EIDs) appear to be major factors influencing the PK profile of LEV. Therefore, 30-50% lower dosages should be used in the elderly (> 65 years of age) and the dosing regimen should be guided by monitoring SDC (TDM). In contrast, higher LEV dosages are necessary in children aged between 2 months and 12 years (compared to adults) due to a 30-70% increase of LEV clearance (CL). Higher dosages are also required if a patient receives EIDs, again due to a higher CL of LEV (range 24-60%). This could also be true for pregnant women. LEV TDM is currently not common in the clinical setting due to the wide therapeutic range and the low prevalence of side-effects. However, LEV dose should on the one hand be increased in certain physiological situations (pregnancy, neonates) and patients on EIDs (especially carbamazepine). On the other hand, dose reductions are necessary when the LEV CL is impaired (elderly). Nevertheless, current data to support regular LEV TDM are lacking. Prospective research is needed to explore the importance of LEV TDM in elected patient groups; i.e. neonates, elderly, patients on EIDs and pregnant women.
(Copyright © 2018 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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