Natural and Modified Montmorillonite Clays as Catalysts for Synthesis of Biolubricants.

Autor: Luna FMT; Grupo de Pesquisa em Separações por Adsorção, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 709, 60.455-900 Fortaleza CE, Brazil. murilo@gpsa.ufc.br., Cecilia JA; Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografia y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatino, 29071 Málaga, Spain. jacecilia@uma.es., Saboya RMA; Grupo de Pesquisa em Separações por Adsorção, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 709, 60.455-900 Fortaleza CE, Brazil. rosana@gpsa.ufc.br., Barrera D; Laboratorio de Sólidos Porosos, INFAP, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina. deicybarrera@gmail.com., Sapag K; Laboratorio de Sólidos Porosos, INFAP, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700 San Luis, Argentina. sapag@unsl.edu.ar., Rodríguez-Castellón E; Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografia y Mineralogía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatino, 29071 Málaga, Spain. castellon@uma.es., Cavalcante CL Jr; Grupo de Pesquisa em Separações por Adsorção, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl. 709, 60.455-900 Fortaleza CE, Brazil. celio@gpsa.ufc.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Materials (Basel, Switzerland) [Materials (Basel)] 2018 Sep 18; Vol. 11 (9). Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 18.
DOI: 10.3390/ma11091764
Abstrakt: In this study, natural and modified clays were evaluated as catalysts in an esterification reaction to obtain bio-based lubricants. The biolubricants are environmentally preferred to petroleum-based lubricants because they are biodegradable and non-toxic. Other advantages include very low volatility due to the high molecular weight and excellent viscosity properties with temperature variations. Modifications in natural clay were performed intending to obtain materials with different textural properties that could improve the reaction under study. The modified clays were obtained in two ways: by pillarization using Al 13 Keggin polyoxocations or by acid treatments with H₂SO₄, HCl and HNO₃. All samples were evaluated for the esterification reaction of fatty acids from castor oil (FACO) using 2-ethyl-hexanol. During the reaction step, a zeolite-based adsorbent was used for water removal to increase the reaction equilibrium conversion. Gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance were performed to ensure the formation of the products. The highest conversion of fatty acids to esters was obtained using pillared clays. Adding adsorbent in the reaction medium (10 g of 3A zeolite to 100 g of FACO), the conversion improved from 74⁻88 wt % after 6 h at 50 °C.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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