Global Sources of Fine Particulate Matter: Interpretation of PM 2.5 Chemical Composition Observed by SPARTAN using a Global Chemical Transport Model.

Autor: Weagle CL; Department of Chemistry , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada.; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Snider G; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Li C; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., van Donkelaar A; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Philip S; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada.; NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field , California 94035-0001 , United States., Bissonnette P; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Burke J; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Jackson J; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Latimer R; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Stone E; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Abboud I; Centre for Atmospheric Research Experiments , Environment and Climate Change Canada , Egbert , Ontario L0L 1N0 , Canada., Akoshile C; Department of Physics , University of Ilorin , Ilorin , Nigeria., Anh NX; Institute of Geophysics , Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Hanoi , Vietnam., Brook JR; Department of Public Health Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario M5S 1A8 , Canada., Cohen A; Health Effects Institute , Boston , Massachusetts 02110-1817 , United States., Dong J; Department of Earth System Science , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China., Gibson MD; Department of Civil and Resource Engineering , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Griffith D; Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) , Pretoria , South Africa 0001., He KB; Department of Earth System Science , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China., Holben BN; Earth Science Division , NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt , Maryland 21046 , United States., Kahn R; Earth Science Division , NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt , Maryland 21046 , United States., Keller CA; Universities Space Research Association/Goddard Earth Science Technology and Research , Columbia , Maryland 20771 , United States.; Global Modeling and Assimilation Office , NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt , Maryland 20771 , United States., Kim JS; Department of Community Health and Epidemiology , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada., Lagrosas N; Manila Observatory , Ateneo de Manila University campus , Quezon City , 1108 , Philippines., Lestari P; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering , ITB , JL. Ganesha No.10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia., Khian YL; Center for Global Change Science , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States., Liu Y; Rollins School of Public Health , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States., Marais EA; School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences , University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT , United Kingdom., Martins JV; Department of Physics and Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology , University of Maryland , Baltimore County , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States., Misra A; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur , 208016 , India., Muliane U; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering , ITB , JL. Ganesha No.10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia., Pratiwi R; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering , ITB , JL. Ganesha No.10 , Bandung 40132 , Indonesia., Quel EJ; UNIDEF (CITEDEF-CONICET) Juan B. de la Salle 4397 - Villa Martelli , Buenos Aires B1603ALO , Argentina., Salam A; Department of Chemistry , University of Dhaka , Dhaka 1000 , Bangladesh., Segev L; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences , Weizmann Institute , Rehovot 76100 , Israel., Tripathi SN; Center for Environmental Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur , 208016 , India., Wang C; Center for Global Change Science , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States., Zhang Q; Department of Earth System Science , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China., Brauer M; School of Population and Public Health , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , British Columbia V6T 1Z2 , Canada., Rudich Y; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences , Weizmann Institute , Rehovot 76100 , Israel., Martin RV; Department of Chemistry , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada.; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science , Dalhousie University , Halifax , Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 , Canada.; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02138 , United States.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science & technology [Environ Sci Technol] 2018 Oct 16; Vol. 52 (20), pp. 11670-11681. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Oct 01.
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01658
Abstrakt: Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a leading risk factor for the global burden of disease. However, uncertainty remains about PM 2.5 sources. We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) simulation for 2014, constrained by satellite-based estimates of PM 2.5 to interpret globally dispersed PM 2.5 mass and composition measurements from the ground-based surface particulate matter network (SPARTAN). Measured site mean PM 2.5 composition varies substantially for secondary inorganic aerosols (2.4-19.7 μg/m 3 ), mineral dust (1.9-14.7 μg/m 3 ), residual/organic matter (2.1-40.2 μg/m 3 ), and black carbon (1.0-7.3 μg/m 3 ). Interpretation of these measurements with the GEOS-Chem model yields insight into sources affecting each site. Globally, combustion sectors such as residential energy use (7.9 μg/m 3 ), industry (6.5 μg/m 3 ), and power generation (5.6 μg/m 3 ) are leading sources of outdoor global population-weighted PM 2.5 concentrations. Global population-weighted organic mass is driven by the residential energy sector (64%) whereas population-weighted secondary inorganic concentrations arise primarily from industry (33%) and power generation (32%). Simulation-measurement biases for ammonium nitrate and dust identify uncertainty in agricultural and crustal sources. Interpretation of initial PM 2.5 mass and composition measurements from SPARTAN with the GEOS-Chem model constrained by satellite-based PM 2.5 provides insight into sources and processes that influence the global spatial variation in PM 2.5 composition.
Databáze: MEDLINE