Rift Valley fever seroprevalence and abortion frequency among livestock of Kisoro district, South Western Uganda (2016): a prerequisite for zoonotic infection.

Autor: Budasha NH; Kisoro District Local Government, Department of Production and Marketing, Office of the District Veterinary Officer, P.O Box 123, Kisoro, Uganda., Gonzalez JP; Center of Excellence for Emerging & Zoonotic Animal Disease (CEEZAD) Kansas State University, Office Park, 1800 Kimball Ave, Suite 130, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA., Sebhatu TT; College of Veterinary Medicine, International Programs, Kansas State University, Office Park, 1800 Kimball Ave, Suite 180, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA., Arnold E; Department of Health and Social services, Uganda Red Cross Society, P.O.Box 494, Kampala, Uganda. arnoldezama@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC veterinary research [BMC Vet Res] 2018 Sep 03; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 271. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Sep 03.
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1596-8
Abstrakt: Background: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is classified as viral hemorrhagic fever and is endemic in East and West Africa. RVF is caused by an arthropod borne virus (RVFV); the disease is zoonotic and affects human, animal health as well as international trade. In livestock it causes abortions, while human infection occurs through close contact with infected animals or animal products.
Methods: A quantitative observational study using stratified sampling was conducted in the western region of Uganda. Blood samples and abortion events from 1000 livestock (goats, sheep and cattle) was collected and recorded. Serum was analyzed for RVFV IgG reacting antibodies using competitive ELISA test.
Results: The overall RVFV seroprevalence was of 10.4% (104/1000). Cattle had the highest seroprevalence (7%) followed by Sheep (2.2%) then goats (1.2%). Species specific RVFV seroprevalence was highest in cattle (20.5%) followed by sheep (6.8%) then goats (3.6%). RVFV seroprevalence in northern highlands (21.8%) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the southern lowlands (3.7%). Overall prevalence of abortion was (17.4%), sheep had the highest prevalence of abortion (7.8%) followed by goats (6.3%) and then cattle (3.3%). Species specific abortion prevalence was highest in Sheep (24.1%) followed by goats (18.8%) and then 9.7% in cattle.
Conclusion: RVFV is endemic in Kisoro district and livestock in the highland areas are more likely to be exposed to RVFV infection compared to those in the southern lowlands. Out breaks in livestock most likely will lead to zoonotic infection in Kisoro district.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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