| Autor: |
Aparecido LEO; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campus of Naviraí, Naviraí, MS, Brasil. lucas-aparecido@outlook.com., Moraes JRDSC; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campus of Naviraí, Naviraí, MS, Brasil., Rolim GS; Department of Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil., Martorano LG; Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n - Belém, PA, Brazil., Soares SDS; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campus of Naviraí, Naviraí, MS, Brasil., de Meneses KC; Department of Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil., Costa CTS; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campus of Naviraí, Naviraí, MS, Brasil., Mesquita DZ; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Mato Grosso do Sul - Campus of Naviraí, Naviraí, MS, Brasil., Barbosa AMDS; Department of Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University, 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil., do Amaral EF; Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n - Belém, PA, Brazil., Bardales NG; Embrapa Eastern Amazon, Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro, s/n - Belém, PA, Brazil. |
| Abstrakt: |
Bamboo has an important role in international commerce due to its diverse uses, but few studies have been conducted to evaluate its climatic adaptability. Thus, the objective of this study was to construct an agricultural zoning for climate risk (ZARC) for bamboo using meteorological elements spatialized by neural networks. Climate data included air temperature (T AIR , °C) and rainfall (P) from 4947 meteorological stations in Brazil from the years 1950 to 2016. Regions were considered climatically apt for bamboo cultivation when T AIR varied between 18 and 35 °C, and P was between 500 and 2800 mm year -1 , or P WINTER was between 90 and 180 mm year -1 . The remainder of the areas was considered marginal or inapt for bamboo cultivation. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network with a multilayered "backpropagation" training algorithm was used to spatialize the territorial variability of each climatic element for the whole area of Brazil. Using the overlapping of the T AIR , P, and P WINTER maps prepared by MLP, and the established climatic criteria of bamboo, we established the agricultural zoning for bamboo. Brazil demonstrates high seasonal climatic variability with T AIR varying between 14 and 30 °C, and P varying between < 400 and 4000 mm year -1 . The ZARC showed that 87% of Brazil is climatically apt for bamboo cultivation. The states that were classified as apt in 100% of their territories were Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Tocantins, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo, Sergipe, Alagoas, Ceará, Piauí, Maranhão, Rondônia, and Acre. The regions that have restrictions due to low T AIR represent just 11% of Brazilian territory. This agroclimatic zoning allowed for the classification of regions based on aptitude of climate for bamboo cultivation and showed that 71% of the total national territory is considered to be apt for bamboo cultivation. The regions that have restrictions are part of southern Brazil due to low values of T AIR and portions of the northern region that have high levels of P which is favorable for the development of diseases. |
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