| Autor: |
Kral TV; 1 University of Pennsylvania, USA., Chittams J; 1 University of Pennsylvania, USA., Bradley CB; 2 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA., Daniels JL; 2 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA., DiGuiseppi CG; 3 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, USA., Johnson SL; 3 University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, USA., Pandey J; 4 The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA., Pinto-Martin JA; 1 University of Pennsylvania, USA., Rahai N; 5 New York University, USA., Ramirez A; 6 Thomas Jefferson University, USA., Schieve LA; 7 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA., Thompson A; 1 University of Pennsylvania, USA., Windham G; 8 California Department of Public Health, USA., York W; 9 Drexel University, USA., Young L; 1 University of Pennsylvania, USA., Levy SE; 1 University of Pennsylvania, USA.; 4 The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
We examined associations between child body mass index at 2-5 years and maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and rapid weight gain during infancy in children with autism spectrum disorder, developmental delays, or population controls. The Study to Explore Early Development is a multi-site case-control study of children, aged 2-5 years, classified as autism spectrum disorder ( n = 668), developmental delays ( n = 914), or population controls ( n = 884). Maternal gestational weight gain was compared to the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Rapid weight gain was a change in weight-for-age z-scores from birth to 6 months > 0.67 standard deviations. After adjusting for case status, mothers with pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity were 2.38 times (95% confidence interval: 1.96-2.90) more likely, and mothers who exceeded gestational weight gain recommendations were 1.48 times (95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.87) more likely, to have an overweight/obese child than other mothers ( P < 0.001). Children with autism spectrum disorder showed the highest frequency of rapid weight gain (44%) and were 3.47 times (95% confidence interval: 1.85-6.51) more likely to be overweight/obese as children with autism spectrum disorder without rapid weight gain ( P < 0.001). Helping mothers achieve a healthy pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain represent important targets for all children. Healthy infant growth patterns carry special importance for children at increased risk for an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis. |
