Zika virus knowledge and attitudes in Ecuador.

Autor: Casapulla SL; Office of Rural and Underserved Programs, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, United States.; Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens OH, United States., Aidoo-Frimpong G; Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens OH, United States., Basta TB; Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens OH, United States.; Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens OH, United States., Grijalva MJ; Department of Social and Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens OH, United States.; Center for Research on Health in Latin America, School of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: AIMS public health [AIMS Public Health] 2018 Mar 26; Vol. 5 (1), pp. 49-63. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Mar 26 (Print Publication: 2018).
DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2018.1.49
Abstrakt: Since its discovery in 1947 in Uganda, ZIKV has spread to 61 countries with a total of 229,238 confirmed human cases worldwide. Specifically, Ecuador has recorded 3,058 confirmed cases and 7 confirmed cases of congenital syndrome associated with ZIKV. Using the Health Belief Model (HBM), this pilot study was conducted to assess Zika virus-related knowledge and attitudes among adults in Ecuador. The survey data were collected in public places in rural and urban areas of Ecuador in May 2016. Seven items measured ZIKV knowledge and 23 items measured attitudes toward ZIKV. A total of 181 Ecuadorians participated in this study. The average age of the sample was 33.4. With respect to ZIKV knowledge, the majority of the participants had heard of ZIKV (n = 162, 89.5%). More males reported first hearing of ZIKV on the internet ( p = 0.02), more rural individuals reported knowing someone diagnosed with ZIKV ( p = 0.02), more primary school educated individuals reported hearing about ZIKV first from their doctor/nurse ( p = 0.03), and more high school graduates correctly identified that ZIKV could be transmitted from mother to child ( p = 0.03). As for the HBM constructs, there was a statistically significant difference between gender and cues to action ( p = 0.04), with males having a statistically significant lower mean on the cues to action items compared to females. There were also statistically significant differences between those categorized as having "adequate" knowledge compared to "low" knowledge on the benefits construct ( p = 0.04) and the perceived severity construct ( p = 0.03). There is a clear need for education about the transmission and prevention of ZIKV. High levels of self-efficacy for prevention behaviors for ZIKV combined with low perceived barriers in this community set the stage for effective educational interventions or health promotion campaigns that can ameliorate the knowledge deficits surrounding transmission and prevention.
Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: The authors do not have any conflicts of interest to disclose.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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