The Impact of Insulin Resistance and Chronic Kidney Disease on Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease.

Autor: Kosmas CE; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA., Silverio D; Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited PC, New York, NY, USA., Tsomidou C; Department of Medicine, General Clinic of Piraeus 'Hippocrates', Piraeus, Greece., Salcedo MD; Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited PC, New York, NY, USA., Montan PD; Cardiology Clinic, Cardiology Unlimited PC, New York, NY, USA., Guzman E; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes [Clin Med Insights Endocrinol Diabetes] 2018 Aug 01; Vol. 11, pp. 1179551418792257. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Aug 01 (Print Publication: 2018).
DOI: 10.1177/1179551418792257
Abstrakt: There is extensive evidence showing that insulin resistance (IR) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation. Furthermore, IR has been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), even in nondiabetic patients, and is currently considered as a "nontraditional" risk factor contributing to CVD by promoting hypertension, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also considered a state of low-grade inflammation. In addition, CKD is considered an IR state and has been described as an independent risk factor for the development of CVD, as even early-stage CKD is associated with an estimated 40% to 100% increase in CVD risk. There is also strong evidence indicating that inflammation per se plays a crucial role in both the initiation and progression of CVD. Given the above, the combined effect of IR and CKD may significantly increase the risk of inflammation and CVD. This review aims to focus on the complex interplay between IR, CKD, inflammation, and CVD and will present and discuss the current clinical and scientific data pertaining to the impact of IR and CKD on inflammation and CVD.
Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interests:The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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