| Autor: |
Wall JL; Chesapeake Conservation Corps, Chesapeake Bay Trust., Marbán PR; Department of Marine, Estuarine, and Environmental Science, University of Maryland., Brinker DF; Natural Heritage Program, Maryland Department of Natural Resources., Sullivan JD; Natural Systems Analyst., Zimnik M; Department of Biology, Hood College., Murrow JL; Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland., McGowan PC; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Chesapeake Bay Field Office., Callahan CR; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Chesapeake Bay Field Office., Prosser DJ; U.S. Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; dprosser@usgs.gov. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE [J Vis Exp] 2018 Jul 22 (137). Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 22. |
| DOI: |
10.3791/57928 |
| Abstrakt: |
Many waterbird populations have faced declines over the last century, including the common tern (Sterna hirundo), a waterbird species with a widespread breeding distribution, that has been recently listed as endangered in some habitats of its range. Waterbird monitoring programs exist to track populations through time; however, some of the more intensive approaches require entering colonies and can be disruptive to nesting populations. This paper describes a protocol that utilizes a minimally invasive surveillance system to continuously monitor common tern nesting behavior in typical ground-nesting colonies. The video monitoring system utilizes wireless cameras focused on individual nests as well as over the colony as a whole, and allows for observation without entering the colony. The video system is powered with several 12 V car batteries that are continuously recharged using solar panels. Footage is recorded using a digital video recorder (DVR) connected to a hard drive, which can be replaced when full. The DVR may be placed outside of the colony to reduce disturbance. In this study, 3,624 h of footage recorded over 63 days in weather conditions ranging from 12.8 °C to 35.0 °C produced 3,006 h (83%) of usable behavioral data. The types of data retrieved from the recorded video can vary; we used it to detect external disturbances and measure nesting behavior during incubation. Although the protocol detailed here was designed for ground-nesting waterbirds, the principal system could easily be modified to accommodate alternative scenarios, such as colonial arboreal nesting species, making it widely applicable to a variety of research needs. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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