The Perception of Spontaneous and Volitional Laughter Across 21 Societies.

Autor: Bryant GA; 1 Department of Communication, University of California, Los Angeles.; 2 UCLA Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles., Fessler DMT; 2 UCLA Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles.; 3 Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles., Fusaroli R; 4 Interacting Minds Center, Aarhus University.; 5 Department of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University., Clint E; 2 UCLA Center for Behavior, Evolution, and Culture, University of California, Los Angeles.; 3 Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles., Amir D; 6 Department of Anthropology, Yale University., Chávez B; 7 Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru., Denton KK; 8 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles., Díaz C; 7 Department of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru., Duran LT; 3 Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles., Fanćovićová J; 9 Department of Biology, University of Trnava., Fux M; 10 Department of Biblical and Ancient Studies, University of South Africa., Ginting EF; 11 Jakarta Field Station, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Jakarta, Indonesia.; 12 Faculty of Literature, Al Azhar Indonesia University., Hasan Y; 13 Department of Social Sciences, Qatar University., Hu A; 14 Department of Sociology, Fudan University., Kamble SV; 15 Department of Psychology, Karnatak University., Kameda T; 16 Department of Social Psychology, University of Tokyo., Kuroda K; 16 Department of Social Psychology, University of Tokyo., Li NP; 17 School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University., Luberti FR; 18 Evolution and Ecology Research Centre, University of New South Wales., Peyravi R; 19 Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University., Prokop P; 9 Department of Biology, University of Trnava.; 20 Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences., Quintelier KJP; 21 School of Business and Economics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam., Shin HJ; 22 Department of Psychology, Pusan National University., Stieger S; 23 School of Psychology, University of Vienna.; 24 Department of Psychology, Karl-Landsteiner University of Health Sciences., Sugiyama LS; 25 Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon., van den Hende EA; 26 Department of Product Innovation and Management, Delft University of Technology., Viciana-Asensio H; 27 Institute for Advanced Social Studies (IESA), CSIC, Córdoba, Spain., Yildizhan SE; 28 Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University., Yong JC; 17 School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University., Yuditha T; 11 Jakarta Field Station, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Jakarta, Indonesia.; 29 Department of Education, Atma Jaya Catholic University., Zhou Y; 14 Department of Sociology, Fudan University.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Psychological science [Psychol Sci] 2018 Sep; Vol. 29 (9), pp. 1515-1525. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 25.
DOI: 10.1177/0956797618778235
Abstrakt: Laughter is a nonverbal vocalization occurring in every known culture, ubiquitous across all forms of human social interaction. Here, we examined whether listeners around the world, irrespective of their own native language and culture, can distinguish between spontaneous laughter and volitional laughter-laugh types likely generated by different vocal-production systems. Using a set of 36 recorded laughs produced by female English speakers in tests involving 884 participants from 21 societies across six regions of the world, we asked listeners to determine whether each laugh was real or fake, and listeners differentiated between the two laugh types with an accuracy of 56% to 69%. Acoustic analysis revealed that sound features associated with arousal in vocal production predicted listeners' judgments fairly uniformly across societies. These results demonstrate high consistency across cultures in laughter judgments, underscoring the potential importance of nonverbal vocal communicative phenomena in human affiliation and cooperation.
Databáze: MEDLINE