| Autor: |
Zwickel T; Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany.; Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany., Kahl SM; Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany.; Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany., Rychlik M; Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany., Müller MEH; Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2018 Jul 03; Vol. 9, pp. 1368. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jul 03 (Print Publication: 2018). |
| DOI: |
10.3389/fmicb.2018.01368 |
| Abstrakt: |
Necrotrophic as well as saprophytic small-spored Alternaria (A.) species are annually responsible for major losses of agricultural products, such as cereal crops, associated with the contamination of food and feedstuff with potential health-endangering Alternaria toxins. Knowledge of the metabolic capabilities of different species-groups to form mycotoxins is of importance for a reliable risk assessment. 93 Alternaria strains belonging to the four species groups Alternaria tenuissima , A. arborescens , A. alternata , and A. infectoria were isolated from winter wheat kernels harvested from fields in Germany and Russia and incubated under equal conditions. Chemical analysis by means of an HPLC-MS/MS multi- Alternaria -toxin-method showed that 95% of all strains were able to form at least one of the targeted 17 non-host specific Alternaria toxins. Simultaneous production of up to 15 (modified) Alternaria toxins by members of the A. tenuissima , A. arborescens , A. alternata species-groups and up to seven toxins by A. infectoria strains was demonstrated. Overall tenuazonic acid was the most extensively formed mycotoxin followed by alternariol and alternariol mono methylether, whereas altertoxin I was the most frequently detected toxin. Sulfoconjugated modifications of alternariol, alternariol mono methylether, altenuisol and altenuene were frequently determined. Unknown perylene quinone derivatives were additionally detected. Strains of the species-group A. infectoria could be segregated from strains of the other three species-groups due to significantly lower toxin levels and the specific production of infectopyrone. Apart from infectopyrone, alterperylenol was also frequently produced by 95% of the A. infectoria strains. Neither by the concentration nor by the composition of the targeted Alternaria toxins a differentiation between the species-groups A. alternata , A. tenuissima and A. arborescens was possible. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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