TISSUE REPAIR AND EPIMORPHIC REGENERATION: AN OVERVIEW.

Autor: Londono R; Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Sun AX; Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Tuan RS; Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Lozito TP; Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Current pathobiology reports [Curr Pathobiol Rep] 2018 Mar; Vol. 6 (1), pp. 61-69. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Feb 04.
DOI: 10.1007/s40139-018-0161-2
Abstrakt: Purpose of the Review: This manuscript discusses wound healing as a component of epimorphic regeneration and the role of the immune system in this process.
Recent Findings: Epimorphic regeneration involves formation of a blastema, a mass of undifferentiated cells capable of giving rise to the regenerated tissues. The apical epithelial cap plays an important role in blastemal formation.
Summary: True regeneration is rarely observed in mammals. With the exception of transgenic strains, tissue repair in mammals usually leads to non-functional fibrotic tissue formation. In contrast, a number of lower order species including planarians, salamanders, and reptiles, have the ability to overcome the burden of scarring and tissue loss through complex adaptations that allow them to regenerate various anatomic structures through epimorphic regeneration. Blastemal cells have been suggested to originate via various mechanisms including de-differentiation, transdifferentiation, migration of pre-existing adult stem cell niches, and combinations of these.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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