Optimization of the APOP screener to predict functional decline or mortality in older emergency department patients: Cross-validation in four prospective cohorts.

Autor: de Gelder J; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. Electronic address: j.de_gelder@lumc.nl., Lucke JA; Department of Emergency Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Blomaard LC; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Booijen AM; Department of Emergency Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Fogteloo AJ; Department of Internal Medicine, Section Acute Care, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Anten S; Department of Internal Medicine, Section Acute Care, Alrijne Hospital, The Netherlands., Steyerberg EW; Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Alsma J; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Klein Nagelvoort Schuit SCE; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Brink A; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands., de Groot B; Department of Emergency Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Blauw GJ; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Haaglanden Medical Center, The Netherlands., Mooijaart SP; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands; Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine in Old Age | IEMO, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Experimental gerontology [Exp Gerontol] 2018 Sep; Vol. 110, pp. 253-259. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Jun 20.
DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.015
Abstrakt: Introduction: Many screening instruments to predict adverse health outcomes in older patients visiting the emergency department (ED) have been developed, but successful implementation has been hampered because they are insufficiently validated or not tailored for the intended use of everyday clinical practice. The present study aims to refine and validate an existing screening instrument (the APOP screener) to predict 90-day functional decline or mortality in older ED patients.
Methods: Consecutive older patients (≥70 years) visiting the EDs of four hospitals were included and prospectively followed. First, an expert panel used predefined criteria to decide which independent predictors (including demographics, illness severity and geriatric parameters) were suitable for refinement of the model predicting functional decline or mortality after 90 days. Second, the model was cross-validated in all four hospitals and predictive performance was assessed. Additionally, a pilot study among triage nurses experiences and clinical usability of the APOP screener was conducted.
Results: In total 2629 older patients were included, with a median age of 79 years (IQR 74-84). After 90 days 805 patients (30.6%) experienced functional decline or mortality. The refined prediction model included age, gender, way of arrival, need of regular help, need help in bathing/showering, hospitalization the prior six months and impaired cognition. Calibration was good and cross-validation was successful with a pooled area under the curve of 0.71 (0.69-0.73). In the top 20% patients predicted to be at highest risk in total 58% (95%CI 54%-62%) experienced functional decline or mortality. Triage nurses found the screener well suited for clinical use, with room for improvement.
Conclusion: In conclusion, optimization of the APOP screener resulted in a short and more simplified screener, which adequately identifies older ED patients at highest risk for functional decline or mortality. The findings of the pilot study were promising for clinical use.
(Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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