Trace organic chemical pollutants from the lake waters of San Pablo City, Philippines by targeted and non-targeted analysis.

Autor: Dimzon IKD; Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Limburger St. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany., Morata AS; Ateneo de Manila University, Ateneo Innovation Center and Department of Chemistry, Katipunan Ave., Loyola Heights, 1108 Quezon City, Philippines; University of the Philippines-Visayas, Department of Chemistry, Miagao, Iloilo 5023, Philippines., Müller J; Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Limburger St. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany., Yanela RK; Ateneo de Manila University, Ateneo Innovation Center and Department of Chemistry, Katipunan Ave., Loyola Heights, 1108 Quezon City, Philippines., Lebertz S; SGS Institut Fresenius, Im Maisel 14, 65232 Taunustein, Germany., Weil H; Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Limburger St. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany., Perez TR; Ateneo de Manila University, Ateneo Innovation Center and Department of Chemistry, Katipunan Ave., Loyola Heights, 1108 Quezon City, Philippines., Müller J; Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Limburger St. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany., Dayrit FM; Ateneo de Manila University, Ateneo Innovation Center and Department of Chemistry, Katipunan Ave., Loyola Heights, 1108 Quezon City, Philippines., Knepper TP; Hochschule Fresenius, University of Applied Sciences, Limburger St. 2, 65510 Idstein, Germany. Electronic address: knepper@hs-fresenius.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2018 Oct 15; Vol. 639, pp. 588-595. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 May 26.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.217
Abstrakt: More than half of the freshwater lakes in the Philippines are small with surface areas of <2 km 2 . The dynamics in these lakes are different from those in the bigger lakes. This study was conducted to determine the organic pollutants and their sources in three of the seven lakes of San Pablo City in Laguna, Philippines: lakes Palakpakin, Sampaloc, and Pandin. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used in the targeted and non-targeted analysis of the lake water samples. The three lakes are all volcanic crater lakes but are exposed to different anthropogenic activities, which includes domestic activities, livelihood (farming and aquaculture) and eco-tourism. Due to the presence of rice fields and fruit plantations, chlorpyrifos was detected in the three lakes while other pesticides like cypermethrin, picolinafen and quinoxyfen were additionally found in Lake Sampaloc, which is the biggest of the three lakes and located within the urbanized section of the city. Traces of different surfactants (linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, secondary alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates), biocide benzalkonium chloride, insect repellent diethyltoluamide, antibiotics (sulfadiazine and sulfamethoxazole), hypertension drug telmisartan, phosphate-based fire retardants, and artificial sweeteners (acesulfame, cyclamate, saccharin and sucralose) were detected in lakes Sampaloc and Palakpakin. The same surfactants, artificial sweeteners, insect repellant and phosphate-based fire retardants were also found in Lake Pandin, which is mainly used for eco-tourism activities like swimming and boating. The results of this study suggest that the organic pollutants present in the small lakes can be linked to the various human activities in the immediate lake environment. Because small lakes are more prone to environmental stresses, human activities in the said lakes must be regulated to ensure sustainable development.
(Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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