Human impacts decouple a fundamental ecological relationship-The positive association between host diversity and parasite diversity.

Autor: Wood CL; School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington., Zgliczynski BJ; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California., Haupt AJ; School of Natural Sciences, California State University Monterey Bay, Marina, California., Guerra AS; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California., Micheli F; Hopkins Marine Station and Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California., Sandin SA; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2018 Aug; Vol. 24 (8), pp. 3666-3679. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 May 20.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14159
Abstrakt: Human impacts on ecosystems can decouple the fundamental ecological relationships that create patterns of diversity in free-living species. Despite the abundance, ubiquity, and ecological importance of parasites, it is unknown whether the same decoupling effects occur for parasitic species. We investigated the influence of fishing on the relationship between host diversity and parasite diversity for parasites of coral reef fishes on three fished and three unfished islands in the central equatorial Pacific. Fishing was associated with a shallowing of the positive host-diversity-parasite-diversity relationship. This occurred primarily through negative impacts of fishing on the presence of complex life-cycle parasites, which created a biologically impoverished parasite fauna of directly transmitted parasites resilient to changes in host biodiversity. Parasite diversity appears to be decoupled from host diversity by fishing impacts in this coral reef ecosystem, which suggests that such decoupling might also occur for parasites in other ecosystems affected by environmental change.
(© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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