High sodium intake and sodium to potassium ratio may be linked to subsequent increase in vascular damage in adults aged 40 years and older: the Korean multi-rural communities cohort (MRCohort).

Autor: Jung S; Department of Health Care Policy Research, Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, Sejong, South Korea.; Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea., Kim MK; Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea. kmkkim@hanyang.ac.kr.; Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea. kmkkim@hanyang.ac.kr., Shin J; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea., Choi BY; Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.; Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea., Lee YH; Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea., Shin DH; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea., Shin MH; Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of nutrition [Eur J Nutr] 2019 Jun; Vol. 58 (4), pp. 1659-1671. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 May 14.
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1712-3
Abstrakt: Purpose: Subclinical vascular damage is a chronic intermediate process in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and high sodium (Na) has been regarded as an adverse factor in subclinical vascular health; however, the longitudinal relationship between Na intake and subclinical vascular damage has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship of dietary Na intake and sodium to potassium ratio (Na:K) with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in healthy adults aged 40 years and older in Korea.
Methods: The present study was based on participants (n = 2145 for baPWV analysis and n = 2494 for cIMT analysis) who visited three times during 2005-2013 (median 5.3 years of follow-up). We used both dietary Na intake and Na:K at baseline and its average (baseline, 2nd, 3rd), which was obtained from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) as exposure at every visit. baPWV and cIMT levels at the third visit and change from baseline to the third visit were used to represent the level of subclinical vascular damage.
Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, significant positive relationships between dietary Na intake and both baPWV 3rd and cIMT 3rd were observed (baPWV: p for trend ≤ 0.0001 for Na average ; cIMT: p for trend = 0.013 for Na average ). Compared with Na:Ks less than 1.0, the levels of both baPWV and cIMT were higher for participants with Na:Ks over 1.0 (baPWV: p for trend = 0.0002 for Na:K average ; cIMT: p for trend = 0.005 for Na:K average ). Similar significant trends were shown in relationships between dietary Na intake and Na:K and changes in baPWV and cIMT levels.
Conclusions: In conclusion, dietary Na intake and Na:K may be positively linked to subsequent baPWV and cIMT levels in adults aged 40 years and older in Korea. Our findings may provide informative evidence on subclinical vascular damage, particularly for populations with relatively high dietary Na intake and low dietary K intake.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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