Unexpected slowdown of US pollutant emission reduction in the past decade.

Autor: Jiang Z; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301; zhejiang@ustc.edu.cn.; School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China., McDonald BC; Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305.; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309., Worden H; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301., Worden JR; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91009., Miyazaki K; Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, 236-0001, Japan., Qu Z; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309., Henze DK; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309., Jones DBA; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada., Arellano AF; Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Fischer EV; Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523., Zhu L; Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523., Boersma KF; Department of Meteorological and Air Quality, Wageningen University, Wageningen, 6700, The Netherlands.; Satellite Observations Department, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, 3731, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2018 May 15; Vol. 115 (20), pp. 5099-5104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Apr 30.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1801191115
Abstrakt: Ground and satellite observations show that air pollution regulations in the United States (US) have resulted in substantial reductions in emissions and corresponding improvements in air quality over the last several decades. However, large uncertainties remain in evaluating how recent regulations affect different emission sectors and pollutant trends. Here we show a significant slowdown in decreasing US emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and carbon monoxide (CO) for 2011-2015 using satellite and surface measurements. This observed slowdown in emission reductions is significantly different from the trend expected using US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) bottom-up inventories and impedes compliance with local and federal agency air-quality goals. We find that the difference between observations and EPA's NO x emission estimates could be explained by: ( i ) growing relative contributions of industrial, area, and off-road sources, ( ii ) decreasing relative contributions of on-road gasoline, and ( iii ) slower than expected decreases in on-road diesel emissions.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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