The ash dieback invasion of Europe was founded by two genetically divergent individuals.

Autor: McMullan M; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK. Mark.McMullan@earlham.ac.uk., Rafiqi M; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK., Kaithakottil G; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Clavijo BJ; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Bilham L; John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Orton E; John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Percival-Alwyn L; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Ward BJ; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Edwards A; John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Saunders DGO; John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Garcia Accinelli G; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Wright J; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Verweij W; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Koutsovoulos G; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Yoshida K; The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.; Graduate school of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan., Hosoya T; Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan., Williamson L; Fera Science Limited, Sand Hutton, York, UK., Jennings P; Fera Science Limited, Sand Hutton, York, UK., Ioos R; ANSES Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Malzéville, France., Husson C; Inra, IAM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France., Hietala AM; Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway., Vivian-Smith A; Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway., Solheim H; Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway., MaClean D; The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Fosker C; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Hall N; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Brown JKM; John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Swarbreck D; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Blaxter M; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.; Edinburgh Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK., Downie JA; John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK., Clark MD; The Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK. matt.clark@nhm.ac.uk.; Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK. matt.clark@nhm.ac.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature ecology & evolution [Nat Ecol Evol] 2018 Jun; Vol. 2 (6), pp. 1000-1008. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Apr 23.
DOI: 10.1038/s41559-018-0548-9
Abstrakt: Accelerating international trade and climate change make pathogen spread an increasing concern. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, the causal agent of ash dieback, is a fungal pathogen that has been moving across continents and hosts from Asian to European ash. Most European common ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior) are highly susceptible to H. fraxineus, although a minority (~5%) have partial resistance to dieback. Here, we assemble and annotate a H. fraxineus draft genome, which approaches chromosome scale. Pathogen genetic diversity across Europe and in Japan, reveals a strong bottleneck in Europe, though a signal of adaptive diversity remains in key host interaction genes. We find that the European population was founded by two divergent haploid individuals. Divergence between these haplotypes represents the ancestral polymorphism within a large source population. Subsequent introduction from this source would greatly increase adaptive potential of the pathogen. Thus, further introgression of H. fraxineus into Europe represents a potential threat and Europe-wide biological security measures are needed to manage this disease.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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