Synthesis of Bio-aromatics from Black Liquors Using Catalytic Pyrolysis.

Autor:	Heeres A; BioBTX, De Mudden 14, 9747 AW Groningen, The Netherlands.; Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Zernikeplein 11, 9747 AS Groningen, The Netherlands., Schenk N; BioBTX, De Mudden 14, 9747 AW Groningen, The Netherlands., Muizebelt I; BioBTX, De Mudden 14, 9747 AW Groningen, The Netherlands., Blees R; BioBTX, De Mudden 14, 9747 AW Groningen, The Netherlands., De Waele B; Huntsman, Everslaan 45, 3078, Everberg, België., Zeeuw AJ; Huntsman, Everslaan 45, 3078, Everberg, België., Meyer N; Huntsman, Everslaan 45, 3078, Everberg, België., Carr R; Huntsman, Everslaan 45, 3078, Everberg, België., Wilbers E; ENTEG, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands., Heeres HJ; ENTEG, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering [ACS Sustain Chem Eng] 2018 Mar 05; Vol. 6 (3), pp. 3472-3480. Date of Electronic Publication: 2018 Feb 01.
DOI:	10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b03728
Abstrakt:	Bio-aromatics (benzene, toluene, xylenes, BTX) were prepared by the catalytic pyrolysis of six different black liquors using both in situ and ex situ approaches. A wide range of catalysts was screened and conditions were optimized in microscale reactors. Up to 7 wt % of BTX, based on the organic fraction of the black liquors, was obtained for both the in situ and ex situ pyrolysis ( T = 500-600 °C) using a Ga-modified H-ZSM-5 catalyst. The in situ catalytic pyrolysis of black liquors from hardwood paper mills afforded slightly higher yields of aromatics/BTX than softwood black liquors, a trend that could be confirmed by the results obtained in the ex situ catalytic pyrolysis. An almost full deoxygenation of the lignin and carbohydrate fraction was achieved and both organic fractions were converted to a broad range of (substituted) aromatics. The zeolite catalyst used was remarkably stable and even after 100 experiments in batch mode with intermittent oxidative catalyst regeneration, the yields and selectivity toward BTX remained similar. The ex situ pyrolysis of black liquor has potential for large-scale implementation in a paper mill without disturbing the paper production process. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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